Gyral/Sulcal Anatomy



Gyral/Sulcal Anatomy


Lubdha M. Shah, MD



IMAGING ANATOMY


Lobes



  • Frontal lobe



    • Extends to central sulcus


    • Separated inferiorly & laterally from temporal lobe by sylvian fissure (a.k.a. lateral sulcus)


  • Parietal lobe



    • Medially separated from occipital lobe by parietooccipital sulcus


  • Temporal lobe: Contains auditory cortex


  • Occipital: Holds visual cortex (i.e., V1, V2, V3)


  • Insula: Involved in interoception



    • Covered by lip of cortex: Frontal, parietal, & temporal opercula


Sulci



  • Frontal lobe



    • Superior & inferior frontal sulci



      • Frontal eye field is located at junction of precentral sulcus & caudal-most part of superior frontal sulcus


    • Precentral, central, postcentral sulci


    • Olfactory sulcus



      • Contains olfactory bulbs, which transduce & relay odorant information centrally


    • Orbital sulcus: H-shaped sulcus separating medial, anterior, lateral, & posterior orbital gyri


  • Parietal



    • Cingulate sulcus



      • Surrounds corpus callosum from paraterminal gyrus to isthmus


      • Marginal branch extends superiorly, lying immediately posterior to central sulcus


    • Subparietal sulcus is a continuation of cingulate sulcus, separates precuneus from posterior cingulate gyrus


    • Parietooccipital sulcus marks boundary between cuneus & precuneus as well as parietal & occipital lobes


    • Intraparietal sulcus separates superior & inferior parietal lobules



      • Principal functions: Perceptual-motor coordination (for directing eye movements and reaching) & multimodal attention


  • Temporal



    • Collateral sulcus



      • Most mesial temporal sulcus


      • Lateral limit of parahippocampal gyrus


    • Superior, middle, inferior temporal sulci


  • Occipital



    • Occipitotemporal sulcus separates inferior temporal gyrus, laterally, from occipitotemporal gyrus, mesially


    • Calcarine separates cuneus from fusiform & lingual gyri



      • Primary visual cortex along its banks


    • Lateral occipital sulcus lies on dorsolateral surface


    • Lunate sulcus in lateral occipital lobe


    • Transverse occipital sulcus is anterosuperior limit of occipital lobe


Gyri

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Sep 18, 2016 | Posted by in MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING | Comments Off on Gyral/Sulcal Anatomy

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