KEY FACTS
Terminology
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Benign, congenital or developmental, fluid-filled space with wall derived from biliary endothelium
Imaging
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Anechoic lesion with posterior acoustic enhancement, well-defined back wall, and no internal vascularity
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May be unilocular or multilocular with barely perceptible septations
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Ultrasound
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Often demonstrates septations to better advantage than CT or MR
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Current theory
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True hepatic cysts arise from hamartomatous tissue
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When > 10 in number, consider fibropolycystic diseases
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Autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease
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Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
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Biliary hamartomas
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Top Differential Diagnoses
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Biliary cystadenoma/cystadenocarcinoma
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Cystic metastases
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Pyogenic abscess
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Echinococcal/hydatid cyst
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Biloma
Pathology
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Lined by single layer of cuboidal bile duct epithelium
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Surrounding thin rim of fibrous stroma
Scanning Tips
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Examine with color or power Doppler to exclude pseudoaneurysm, which can have similar appearance on grayscale imaging
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High-frequency linear transducers with coded harmonic imaging setting can help to demonstrate cystic nature of anterior hepatic cysts




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