Acute sialadenitis, calculous

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  Unilateral, enlarged, hypoechoic, heterogeneous submandibular gland (SMG)

  
  
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  Intra-/extraglandular duct dilatation and calculus

  
  
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  Tender on transducer pressure ± ↑ in vascularity

Acute sialadenitis, acalculous

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  Unilateral, enlarged hypoechoic gland

  
  
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  No duct dilatation or calculi

  
  
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  Tender on transducer pressure, ↑ vascularity

Salivary gland abscess

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  Liquefied component with mobile internal debris and thick walls, surrounding soft tissue edema

  
  
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  Enlarged, reactive-type regional lymph nodes

Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis

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  Hypoechoic, heterogeneous nodules/cirrhotic appearance, bilateral involvement

Enlarged submandibular (SM) lymph node

Benign mixed tumor, SMG

SMG carcinoma

Unilateral, painful SMG swelling associated with eating or psychological gustatory stimulation (salivary colic)

80% of cases presenting with painful SMG swelling are secondary to calculus disease

If SMG affected without ductal pathology, consider Sjögren, AIDS, or primary SMG infection

Look for dilated SM duct and follow to point of transition/calculus/stenosis

Compare to other side

Evaluate for complications, such as abscess formation and for reactive lymph nodes