History: A 40-year-old man presents with constant back pain following a laminectomy performed 1 year ago.
1. What should be included in the differential diagnosis? (Choose all that apply.)
2. Which of the following statements regarding arachnoiditis is true?
a. Findings should extend over at least five lumbar vertebrae.
b. When imaging findings are present, the patient is always symptomatic.
c. There is a direct correlation between the degree of enhancement and the severity of symptoms.
d. In most cases, arachnoiditis shows little enhancement on MRI.
3. Which of the following findings is not typically seen in the earliest stage of chronic adhesive arachnoiditis?
a. Arachnoid adhesions in the nerve root sleeves
b. Arachnoid adhesions between the roots and the walls of the thecal sac
c. Distortion of the dural sac ending
d. Arachnoid adhesions between nerve roots
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