Which of the following cardiac imaging studies deliver the lowest estimated effective radiation dose?

Recovery coefficient, Geometric Transfer Matrix, and Deconvolution technique are modification methods employed in:

The number of electrons discharged from the cathode filament is controlled by the:

Which of the following are the most common artifacts in PET/CT imaging?

The PET scanner quality control procedure in which data are used to convert the reconstructed image pixel values into activity concentration is called:

Post-processing technique performed on CT images that involves reformatting of cross-sectional images to produce images of the outsides of anatomical structures is called:

ALL of the following statements describing the usefulness of PET-FDG imaging in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are correct EXCEPT:

The reconstruction algorithm that reduces the unnecessary 3D data to a stack of independent 2D sonograms, which can then be reconstructed using either 2D filtered back projection (FBP) or 2D iterative algorithms, is called:

The patented PET tracers that have been developed by a radiopharmaceutical developer or manufacturer are called:

A patient is scheduled to have PET myocardial perfusion imaging using Rb-82 as a tracer of choice. The technologist draws up a 42-mCi dose of Rb-82 for the resting injection at 10:00 a.m. If the injection is delayed 3 min, how many milicuries of Rb-82 will be remaining in the syringe at 10:03 a.m.?

The display shown in Fig. 4.1 presents attenuation-corrected and reconstructed positron emission tomography (PET-FDG) viability study. The reoriented tomographic slices are:

The following are examples of molecular and functional alterations occurring in cancer tissue EXCEPT:

Which of the following types of cardiac scanning processing requires performance of blood pool subtraction?

Which of the following halogens most closely mimics the size of the hydrogen atom?

Two photons arising from the same annihilation event and detected along two different lines of response (LOR) are:

PET/CT imaging artifact described as a liver lesion that can inaccurately become visible at the base of the lung and mimics a lung nodule is produced by:

Which of the following physical properties of different scintillators describe LSO (lutetium oxyorthosilicate) detector?

Which of the following statements describing brown adipose tissue (BAT) is TRUE?

Which of the following radiopharmaceuticals has been developed as the PET tracer to measure a membrane lipid synthesis?

The molecular imaging strategy that replicates the downstream physiological effects of one or more molecular or genetic processes is called:

Which of the following detectors that have been used in PET imaging is intrinsically radioactive?

In which of the following types of seizures consciousness is not impaired?

Mean sensitivity and specificity of PET myocardial perfusion studies for the detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) are accordingly:

93% and 50%

93% and 92%

50% and 92%

50% and 50%

Hot-for-cold substitution is applied in the development process of all of the ­following PET tracers EXCEPT:

The pattern of FDG uptake in multi-infarct dementia is characterized by:

The presented PET MIP, fused PET/CT, and CT axial images in Fig. 4.2 were obtained from the patient referred for the evaluation of abdominal mass. Based on the findings the abdominal mass represents:

Any chest area that specially attenuates the x-ray beam and as a result appears more dense than the surrounding region is called:

The area of maximal electrophysiological interictal activity is called:

Fluoromisonidazole (F-18 MISO) was developed as the PET tracer to assess:

Two patients are scheduled to have PET myocardial perfusion imaging at 8:00 a.m. and 8:20 a.m., each with dose of 15 mCi Nitrogen-13-ammonia. What is the total millicurie amount that should be available at 7:30 a.m. to accommodate these two studies?

Which of the following statements describing hypoxia in a growing tumor is FALSE?

Normal, focal ureteral activity can be seen in:

Computed tomography acquisition (CT) performed by acquiring unenhanced CT images first, followed by a series of CT images after intravenous injection of contrast medium, is called:

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) has bilateral temporoparietal decreased FDG uptake similar to that present in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and also involves:

The main objective of Bayesian analysis is to combine both clinical and imaging-based characteristics to obtain an assessment of the:

Radiation effects on bone marrow affecting FDG uptake can be described as:

Hybrid PET-CT scanners, equipped with multislice CT, can be used to perform the following types of cardiac diagnostic imaging EXCEPT:

The sphincter muscle that protects the opening of the esophagus into the stomach is called the:

The consequences of the mesothelioma stage on treatment selection depend entirely on whether:

A package of several F-18 FDG unit doses is reading 19.5 mR/h. How many half value layers of lead (Pb) should be placed in front of the package to reduce the exposure to a background level of 0.03 mR/h?

The amount of radioactivity, for gamma and beta radiation, measured with wipe tests on the packages designated White I, Yellow II, or Yellow III Department of Transportation DOT labels, should not EXCEED:

The most common site for distant metastases of the colorectal cancer is:

According to the Cotswold system (formerly the Ann Arbor Staging System), involvement of lymph nodes on both sides of the diaphragm describes:

The main physicochemical property of a PET radiotracer that decides its ability to enter the brain and label the target receptor or enzyme is:

Cardiac PET quantification of myocardial blood flow (MBF) and coronary flow reserve (CFR) may be useful for detection and evaluation of all of the following EXCEPT:

Diffusely increased marrow FDG uptake may be secondary to all of the following EXCEPT:

Malignant attributes of pulmonary nodules on computed tomography (CT) include:

PET has been shown to have reduced sensitivity in patients with colorectal:

According to the Cotswold system (formerly the Ann Arbor Staging System), involvement of a single lymph node region or involvement of a single extralymphatic organ outlines:

According to a facility’s protocol, the maximum F-18 FDG dose that could be injected to a patient is 14 mCi. A 12 mCi dose of F-18 FDG is calibrated for 8:00 a.m. If the patient comes an hour early, what is the earliest time the dose will be under 14 mCi?

In rooms with a negative pressure, the direction of airflow at the boundaries of the room is:

Clinical semiology of seizures, one of the main areas of study in patients with epilepsy, evaluates:

Which of the following statements correctly explains the influence of FDG-PET imaging on staging in patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL)?

A substance that forms a complex with a biomolecule and by binding to a site on a target protein serves as a signal triggering molecule is called:

Within the broad group of malignant lymphomas, the Hodgkin’s disease is set apart from other lymphomas by the presence of:

The brain structure described as a “sensory relay” is called:

A pencil shape, a fan shape, and a cone shape are commonly used terms in radiography to describe:

The tumors that arose from cells that stem from the neural crest cells, and share a characteristic feature to produce peptide hormones, as well as synthesize amines from certain precursors are called:

All of the following statements appropriately describe the usefulness of FDG-PET imaging in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) EXCEPT:

The radiation exposure rate at a distance of 12 inches from radioactive source is 12.5 mR/h. How many feet away should the technologist stand to reduce the exposure level to 3.0 mR/h?

The annual allowable limit for radiation exposure for the total effective dose equivalent (TEDE) to the whole body is less than or equal to:

The amount of F-18 FDG uptake in atherosclerotic lesions correlates with:

The attenuation-corrected (AC) PET, images when compared to the non-­attenuation-corrected (NAC):

Selected tumors with low/variable FDG uptake include all of the following EXCEPT:

Increased synthesis of monoclonal immunoglobulins in multiple myeloma functions as a straightforward approach for functional imaging with:

When compared with Ga-68 DOTA-peptides, F-18DOPA may offer advantages for the detection of neuroendocrine tumors with:

Cancer that starts in antibody producing white blood cells is called:

Hypometabolic area seen after radiation therapy in patients with treated CNS brain tumor, adjacent to or distant from the tumor is secondary to:

The ECG records normal electrical currents as specific waves in the following order:

The difference among the daily blank sinogram, and a reference blank sinogram acquired at some point in the last setup of the scanner, is called:

Radiation dose equivalency is measured in:

PET F-18 FDG findings commonly observed in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include:

The main advantage of the Straton x-ray tube over the traditional x-ray tube results mainly from:

All of the following statements correctly describe the postsurgical F-18 FDG uptake at the intervention site EXCEPT:

The manifestation of hypermetabolic lesions in architecturally unchanged trabecular bone in patients with multiple myeloma suggests the presence of:

All of the following types of medications are affecting fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in patients with brain tumors EXCEPT:

The incremental prognostic value of PET myocardial perfusion imaging:

The most common sites of neuroendocrine tumor (NET) onset are:

All of the following findings have been observed on FDG-PET scans of patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) EXCEPT:

The following values were obtained from a Cs-137 measurement on a dose calibrator during a Monday to Friday workweek. What is the standard sample deviation of the series of measurements listed below?

490 μCi, 503 μCi, 482 μCi, 507 μCi, 514 μCi

Ring dosimeters should be issued to individuals who are likely to exceed a minimum extremity dose of:

Pattern of F-18 FDG uptake in the normal tonsils, soft palate, mylohyoid muscle, and sublingual glands observed on sagittal images is described as:

The Society of Nuclear Medicine recommends that F-18 FDG-PET should be routinely performed on patients previously treated for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) when the findings of radioactive iodine whole-body scintigraphy (WBS) are negative and:

The following are amino acids EXCEPT:

A profile of the counts across the point source image is called:

The most important single prognostic factor for survival and prognosis in patients diagnosed with neuroendocrine tumors is the presence of:

The interaction between penetrating radiation and matter when the incident x-ray photon deflected from its original path loses energy but continues to travel through the material along an altered path is called:

Frontotemporal dementia is a clinical syndrome known as:

All of the following positron emission tomography myocardial perfusion tracers are used for noninvasive myocardial blood flow (MBF) quantitation EXCEPT:

Which of the following axial CT images in Fig. 4.3 matches the findings presented on the Fig. 4.4 coronal maximum-intensity projection PET image ?

In the resting myocardium, and under normal conditions, 15% to 20% of the energy is delivered by:

Interictal PET scans are most valuable in the management of the patient with:

PET/CT findings in anaplastic thyroid cancer scintigraphy can be described by all of the following EXCEPT:

The FDG-PET sensitivity and specificity in restaging and follow-up of melanoma are accordingly:

All of the following radiopharmaceuticals can be used for the evaluation of recurrent or residual medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) EXCEPT:

Possible explanations of relative insensitivity of FDG-PET for the detection of regional nodal metastases in patients with esophageal carcinoma include:

The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is the ratio obtained when the signal in an image is:

The following statements describing PET and PET/CT for the management of patients with breast cancer are true EXCEPT:

6-[F-18]fluoro-L-DOPA was developed as the PET tracer to visualize:

Which of the following structures function as the normal pacemaker of the heart?

In the image in Fig. 4.5, the ascending aorta is labeled:

The single most important factor in determining initial prognosis and the need for adjuvant chemotherapy for patients diagnosed with breast cancer is/are:

The primary difference between NEMA performance measurements, defined as NU 2-2007 and NU 2-2001, is:

The physiological breast uptake in postmenopausal women, who are NOT on hormone replacement therapy (HRT), should be:

All of the following factors contribute to degradation of resolution in the reconstructed images in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging EXCEPT:

In the evaluation of malignancy, misinterpreting normal uptake of F-18 FDG within the thymus results in a potential pitfall in the evaluation of the:

Scatter events comprise __________ in 3D positron emission tomography (PET):

F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) use in patients with suspected primary and residual/recurrent gliomas is limited by:

The most important problem with the PET/MR scanner is:

The path distance required for a positron to find an electron for annihilation depends on:

Abnormal bone FDG uptake by tumor cells is proportional to: