Primary Somatosensory Cortex (Areas 1, 2, 3)

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Primary Somatosensory Cortex (Areas 1, 2, 3)

Main Text

Location and Boundaries

Location

• Postcentral gyrus
• Posterior wall of central sulcus
• Anterior wall of postcentral sulcus

Boundaries

• Rostral: Fundus of central sulcus
• Caudal: Fundus of postcentral sulcus
• Lateral and ventral: Slightly superior to parietal operculum and lateral sulcus
• Medial and dorsal: Paracentral lobule
• Surrounded by primary motor cortex (area 4), secondary somatosensory cortex (area 43), supramarginal gyrus (area 40), and superior parietal cortex (areas 5 and 7)

Function

Somatosensation

• Fine touch
• Texture
• Size and shape
• Proprioception (perception of body movement or position)
• Vibration
• Nociception (pain perception)
• Thermoception
• Sensory homunculus is somatotopic map of body represented in areas 1, 2, and 3
• Contralateral perception of stimulus

e.g., touch to left side of body results in activity in left primary somatosensory cortex and vice versa for touch to right side of body

Structural Connections

Cortical Connections

• Secondary somatosensory cortex (area 43)
• Superior parietal (areas 5 and 7)
• Primary motor cortex (area 4)

Subcortical Connections

• Ventral posterolateral nucleus of thalamus brings sensory information from body and limbs
• Ventral posteromedial nucleus of thalamus brings sensory information from head and neck
• Basal ganglia

Functional Connections

Coactive Regions

• Primary motor cortex (area 4)
• Premotor cortex (area 6)
• Supplementary motor area (area 6)
• Superior parietal lobule (areas 5, 7)
• Anterior cingulate cortex (areas 24, 32, 33)
• Thalamus
• Cerebellum

Associated Literature Keywords (NeuroSynth)

• Sensorimotor, motor, finger, hand, somatosensory, tactile, movements, tapping, practice, muscles

Areas 1-, 2-, 3-Associated Conditions

Sensory Loss, Dysesthesia, Paresthesias

• Can occur anywhere along sensorimotor homunculus depending on site of cortical injury

Phantom Limb Syndrome

• Abnormal, dysphoric sensation following limb amputation

Image Gallery

Print Images

SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX: LOCATION AND COACTIVATION

Coronal and axial slices from a cytoarchitectonic map of the somatosensory cortex are shown. This quantitative probabilistic map was derived from postmortem human brains and is specific to cellular properties unique to areas 1, 2, and 3 (data source: SPM Anatomy toolbox).

Coactivation map of sensorimotor cortex shows brain regions that reliably activate in published studies with high loading of the term “somatosensory” in over 4,000 studies from the NeuroSynth database.

SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX: CONNECTIVITY

Functional connectivity MR images are shown, averaged from 1,016 typically developing volunteers (ages 18-30) from the 1,000 Functional Connectomes and ADHD-200 datasets. The image shows correlation to seed regions in bilateral Brodmann areas 1, 2, and 3, as defined by the WFU PickAtlas toolbox for MATLAB. Image was created using BrainNet Viewer software.

Functional connectivity MR was averaged from 1,003 typically developing volunteers from the Human Connectome Project dataset. Surface renderings show correlation to a seed region in the left Brodmann area 3 as defined by the WFU PickAtlas toolbox for MATLAB. This image was displayed using BrainNet Viewer software.

Functional connectivity MR was averaged from 1,003 typically developing volunteers from the Human Connectome Project dataset. Slices show correlation to a seed region in the bilateral Brodmann area 2 as defined by the WFU PickAtlas toolbox for MATLAB.

Functional connectivity MR was averaged from 1,003 typically developing volunteers from the Human Connectome Project dataset. Cerebellar surface rendering shows correlation to a seed region in the bilateral Brodmann area 1 as defined by the WFU PickAtlas toolbox for MATLAB. This image was displayed using BrainNet Viewer software.

LOCATION OF BRODMANN AREAS 1, 2, AND 3

Lateral surface-rendered map of the somatosensory cortex is shaded for areas 1 (pink) and 2 (dark pink) (data source: Connectome Workbench).

Dorsal surface-rendered map of the somatosensory cortex is shaded for areas 1 (pink), 2 (dark pink), and 3 (light pink) (data source: Connectome Workbench).

Medial surface-rendered map of the somatosensory cortex is shaded for areas 1 (pink) and 2 (dark pink) (data source: Connectome Workbench).

SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX: LOCATION

Medial surface rendering of a cytoarchitectonic map of the primary somatosensory cortex shows a quantitative probabilistic map derived from postmortem human brains and is specific to cellular properties unique to areas 1, 2, and 3 (data source: JuBrain Cytoarchitectonic Atlas Viewer).

Lateral surface rendering of the cytoarchitectonic map of the primary somatosensory cortex is shown.

Dorsal surface rendering of a cytoarchitectonic map of the primary somatosensory cortex is shown.

Additional Images

Functional connectivity MR was averaged from 1,003 typically developing volunteers from the Human Connectome Project dataset. Cerebellar surface rendering shows correlation to a seed region in the bilateral Brodmann area 3 as defined by the WFU PickAtlas toolbox for MATLAB. This image was displayed using BrainNet Viewer software.

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Tags: Imaging Anatomy Brain and Spine

Mar 13, 2021 | Posted by admin in NUCLEAR MEDICINE | Comments Off

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