Capillary Malformations

Epidemiology

Capillary malformations are categorized as a type of vascular malformation using the classification system of Mulliken and Glowacki. Capillary malformations constitute what were once termed port-wine stains. There is no gender predilection for vascular malformations. These lesions are usually present at birth and grow along with the child.

Capillary malformations are commonly associated with the neurocutaneous Sturge-Weber syndrome (encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis), which also involves a vascular anomaly of the choroid plexus and leptomeninges. Other syndromes that have been associated with capillary malformations include ataxia telangiectasia (Louis-Bar’s) and Rendu-Osler-Weber (hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia).

Clinical Findings

The craniofacial findings consist of cutaneous abnormality that consists of a bluish smooth macular lesion that is located along the sensory distribution of V₂