Cat Scratch Disease

Chapter 161


Cat Scratch Disease


Epidemiology


Cat scratch disease is a benign, self-limited disease caused by the bacterium Bartonella henselae. This organism is typically present in the saliva of a normally healthy kitten and may be transferred by a lick, scratch, or bite. It is important to note that a history of a cat scratch is not necessary to make the diagnosis. The disease is most common in children and is most prevalent in regions with a warm and humid climate.


Clinical Features


The initial symptoms usually develop 6 to 8 weeks after initial exposure. The disease often initially presents as a reddish-brown papule at the site of contact. The patients typically develop fever, fatigue, malaise, and myalgias accompanied by characteristic tender regional lymphadenopathy (Fig. 161–1). The lymph nodes gradually enlarge and reach a maximal size over 2 to 3 weeks. Approximately 10% of patients develop overlying erythema and fluctuant lymph nodes that require drainage.


Pathology


Bartonella henselae is a gram-negative, agyophilic, non–acid fast, pleomorphic bacilli. The diagnosis is confirmed using immunofluorescent antibody, PCR or ELISA serology. Pathologic findings from biopsied lymph nodes reveal granulomatous changes.

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Dec 27, 2015 | Posted by in HEAD & NECK IMAGING | Comments Off on Cat Scratch Disease

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