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Cerebellum

Main Text

TERMINOLOGY

Synonyms

• Classic nomenclature (simplified nomenclature): Superior (tentorial), inferior (suboccipital), anterior (petrosal) cerebellar surfaces
• Primary (tentorial), horizontal (petrosal), prebiventral/prepyramidal (suboccipital) cerebellar fissures

Definitions

• Cerebellum: Integrative organ for coordination & fine-tuning of movement & regulation of muscle tone

GROSS ANATOMY

Overview

• Bilobed posterior fossa structure located posterior to brainstem & 4th ventricle

2 hemispheres & midline vermis

3 surfaces

Divided into lobes & lobules by transverse fissures

Connected to brainstem by 3 paired peduncles

Cortical gray matter, central white matter, & 4 paired deep gray nuclei

Anatomy Relationships

• Surfaces

Superior (tentorial) surface

– Faces & conforms to inferior surface of tentorium

– Transition between vermis & hemispheres is smooth

– Primary (tentorial) fissure divides superior (tentorial) surface into anterior & posterior parts

Inferior (suboccipital) surface

– Located below, between lateral & sigmoid sinuses

– Vermis is contained within deep vertical depression, posterior cerebellar incisura, which separates cerebellar hemispheres

– Prebiventral/prepyramidal (suboccipital) fissure divides inferior (suboccipital) surface into superior & inferior parts

– Tonsil is part of hemisphere, located on inferomedial part of inferior (suboccipital) surface

Anterior (petrosal) surface

– Faces posterior surface of petrous bone, brainstem, & 4th ventricle

– Vermis lies dorsal to 4th ventricle

– Horizontal (petrosal) fissure divides anterior (petrosal) surface into superior & inferior parts

– Horizontal (petrosal) fissure continues posterolaterally onto inferior (suboccipital) surface
• Peduncles : 3 paired peduncles attach cerebellum to brainstem

Superior cerebellar peduncle (brachium conjunctivum)

– Connects to cerebrum via midbrain

– Contains efferent fiber systems extending to red nucleus & thalamus

Middle cerebellar peduncle (brachium pontis)

– Connects to pons

– Contains fiber mass originating from pontine nuclei & represents continuation of corticopontine tracts

Inferior cerebellar peduncle (restiform body)

– Connects to medulla

– Contains spinocerebellar tracts & connections to vestibular nuclei
• Adjacent CSF cisterns

Cerebellopontine angle cistern: Lateral to pons

Cisterna magna: Inferior to cerebellum

Quadrigeminal plate cistern: Posterior to midbrain, above cerebellum

Superior cerebellar cistern: Above cerebellum, below tentorium
• Blood supply from vertebrobasilar circulation

Superior cerebellar artery, anterior inferior cerebellar artery, & posterior inferior cerebellar artery

Cerebellar Lobes & Lobules

• Vermis : Superior & inferior, separated by horizontal (petrosal) fissure

Superior vermis: Lingula (anterior), central lobule, culmen, declive, folium (posterior) lobules

Inferior vermis: Tuber (posterior), pyramid, uvula, nodule (anterior) lobules

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Mar 13, 2021 | Posted by admin in NUCLEAR MEDICINE | Comments Off

Main Text

TERMINOLOGY

Synonyms

GROSS ANATOMY

Overview

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Cerebellum

Cerebellum

Definitions

Anatomy Relationships

Cerebellar Lobes & Lobules

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Cerebellum

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