Questions

Answers

1. Which of the following statements are true concerning esophageal carcinoma? (Choose all which apply.)

A. Esophageal carcinoma is generally detected early, due to early presentation of obstructive symptoms.

B. The adenocarcinoma type is increasing in frequency.

C. Squamous cell carcinoma is decreasing in frequency.

D. Most cases are detected in the advanced stage.

E. none of the above

1. B, C, and D

2. The best radiographic technique for detecting early esophageal carcinoma is:

A. computed tomography (CT)

B. endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)

C. double contrast barium study

D. positron emission tomography (PET)

E. none of the above

2. C, double contrast barium study

3. The best treatment for resectable esophageal carcinoma is:

A. surgery

B. neoadjuvant radiation and chemotherapy, followed by surgery

C. chemoradiotherapy

D. none of the above

3. B, neoadjuvant radiation and chemotherapy, followed by surgery

4. The current protocol for staging esophageal carcimoma includes imaging by which of the following? (Choose all which apply.)

4. A, B, and D

5. For esophageal carcinoma, which of the following statements are true? (Choose all which apply.)

A. Invasion of the primary tumor into the esophageal wall is best determined by EUS.

B. Invasion of periesophageal tissues is best evaluated by EUS and CT.

C. FDG PET detection of primary esophageal carcinoma is more sensitive than CT detection; however, CT is more useful for initial staging of metastatic disease.

D. evaluation of recurrence

E. none of the above

5. A, B, C, and D

6. In FDG PET of the esophagus, which of the following statements are true? (Choose all which apply.)

A. Reflux esophagitis exhibits an increased uptake of the FDG.

B. Radiation-induced esophagitis demonstrates decreased uptake of the FDG.

C. A small tumor may be a false negative.

D. A well-differentiated tumor may be a false negative.

E. none of the above

6. A, C, and D

7. Lymph node basins that receive drainage from the esophagus include which of the following? (Choose all which apply.)

A. cervical nodes

B. mediastinal nodes

C. upper abdomen, including gastrohepatic and celiac nodes

D. axillary nodes

E. none of the above

7. A, B, and C

8. For detection of regional nodal metastasis from esophageal carcinoma, which of the following statements are true? (Choose all which apply.)

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