The scan shows mediastinal lymphadenopathy, probably of granulomatous nature.

Histological exam is necessary to define the treatment program and completely exclude a neoplastic condition.

Mediastinoscopy was then performed and allowed the removal of two lymph nodes, on which a nonspecific granulomatous process was demonstrated.

The CT shows some mediastinal lymph node size of increased dimension (Fig. 40.2), in the pre-tracheal (Fig. 40.2a, blue arrows), the aortopulmonary window (Fig. 40.2a, yellow arrows) and in the prevascular area (Fig. 40.2a, b, red arrows). See also Figs. 40.3, 40.4.