Optimizing selection of patients with heart failure whose symptoms and natural history may improve after revascularization is the goal of performing:

All of the following statements correctly describe findings from a direct comparison of SPECT MPI with PET MPI EXCEPT:

The exercise stress test should be stopped if:

The counts distribution of all short‐axis slices displayed in concentric rings is called:

During equilibrium gated radionuclide angiography (ERNA), images are acquired after the administered radioactivity has equilibrated in the:

The term incremental value of SPECT MPI implies that perfusion imaging data provide information on the natural history, risk, and outcomes that are:

A strontium Sr-82 generator can be used for up to:

Peak exercise in normal individuals produces an increase in myocardial oxygen demand and ………………………… increase in myocardial blood flow:

Which of the following exercise protocols is most frequently used to assess cardiovascular reserve?

Patients scheduled for a pharmacological stress test with Lexiscan should be instructed to avoid consumption of any products containing methylxanthines for at least:

The proportion of tracer removed from the blood as it passes through the myocardium is called:

Gated single photon emission computed tomography (GSPECT) is not suitable for accurate right ventricular function measurement because the RV:

The room temperature of the treadmill stress testing area should be between:

Thallium washes out of the myocardium at a rate dependent on:

During a typical stress Tc-99m tetrofosmin study, imaging begins:

All of the following approaches have been used in high-speed SPECT technology EXCEPT:

Which of the following protocols stimulating maximal F-18 FDG uptake is based on the simultaneous infusion of insulin and glucose?

Viable myocardial tissue is NOT present in:

Visual comparison of MPI stress and rest displays revealing a perfusion defect that is seen on stress but not on rest images describes:

Lexiscan (regadenoson) is contraindicated in patients with:

The areas of ECG electrode application are rubbed with an alcohol-saturated pad to remove from the skin:

Tl-201 emits 80 keV of photon energy and has a physical half-life of:

The Bruce protocol begins with:

Tl-201 compared with the 99mTc-based agents:

During a GSPECT acquisition, one cardiac cycle is represented by the:

All of the following are examples of MPI automated quantitative analysis systems incorporated into SPECT camera-computer equipment EXCEPT:

Which of the following are the physical characteristics of the positron emitted by Rb-82?

The typical ejection fraction (EF) of the left ventricle is approximately:

During the exercise stress test, the heart rate, blood pressure, and ECG should be recorded (select three):

An adenosine injection is contraindicated in individuals with:

All of the following diagnostic procedures are available on PET-CT scanners equipped with multislice CT EXCEPT:

Gated single photon emission computed tomography (GSPECT) acquisition starts with the R wave on the ECG which corresponds to the:

The number of correct findings on a MPI test, regardless of whether the patient has CAD, describes the diagnostic test:

Which of the following patients are the best candidates for gated SPECT studies?

Which of the following statements correctly describe properties of Tc-99m versus Tl-201 as radionuclide tracers for myocardial imaging?

Which of the following factors/conditions can be a reason of a false positive MPI study?

The most frequently used clinical myocardial perfusion PET agent is:

Myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) is measured in the units of:

Tl-201, when compared with technetium 99 m-based myocardial imaging:

The most common adverse reaction associated with adenosine administration is/are:

Heparin and warfarin are:

The major vasodilators used for pharmacologic radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging (rMPI) are (select three):

Which of the following is absolute contraindication for exercise stress testing?

MPI has the greatest diagnostic value for detection of CAD when it is used in patients with:

Tomographic reconstruction theory can be described as:

Upward creep of the heart observed during SPECT acquisition could be prevented by:

Beta (+) decay of a nucleus results in emission of a/an:

Which of the following belongs to the left cardiovascular system (select three)?

Medications such as calcium channel blocking drugs and beta-blockers administered on the day of exercise stress MPI may alter:

Tomographic reconstruction of projection images produces transaxial images which are:

How many separated channels does a Foley catheter have?

The LV ejection fraction (LVEF) measured from the GSPECT 8-frame acquisition when compared to the 16-frame acquisition is:

The myocardial blood flow (MBF) in coronary beds without significant stenosis increases ~threefold with:

A vertical change in position of the heart that is usually noticed between the last frame of detector 2 and the first frame of detector 1 is called:

A 51-year-old man presents to the emergency department with sudden onset of palpitations and mild lightheadedness. He had experienced briefer episodes over the last 2 months, but this episode persisted for 4 min. The ECG (Fig. 2.2) shows:

Thallium is predominantly cleared by:

Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway converting glucose 6-phosphate to:

The percentage of patients without CAD with a negative test result compared with the total number of patients tested without CAD describes the test:

Activation of adenosine A₂A receptors produces:

When performing a pharmacological stress test with Lexiscan, the myocardial perfusion imaging agent should be administered:

Which of the following medications are commonly referred to as “blood thinners”?

The MPI test sensitivity for ischemia is enhanced by getting the patient to perform the exercise portion of the test to a maximal safe level defined as:

According to the ASNC IMAGING GUIDELINES FOR NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY PROCEDURES, all exercise tests should be limited by:

In hybrid imaging, an attenuation map represents the degree of photon attenuation and is acquired:

Chest pain that develops commonly during pharmacologic vasodilator stress testing:

All of the following appropriateness designation for cardiovascular tests are given in the appropriate use criteria (AUC) document EXCEPT:

The relative differences in count values between myocardial pixels are displayed in the black and white images as a variation in:

Uncharacteristic communications between the left and right sides of the heart known as a ventricular septal defect (VSD) initially results in:

Administered dose of which of the following pharmacologic stress agents is NOT weight-adjusted?

Figure 2.3 displays images acquired during routine 32 frames multi-gated acquisition (MUGA) scan. The end diastole image is labeled:

For a trained rescuer performing adult CPR, what do the 2010 American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines for CPR and ECC recommend as the first step in the CPR sequence?

Infusion of intravenous aminophylline antagonizes the effects of:

With increasing workloads, the normal systolic blood pressure of a healthy person:

Which of the following MPI protocols provides optimal defect contrast with minimal background activity?

The view comprising oblique tomographic cuts generated by slicing along the short axis perpendicular to the long axis of the left ventricle is called:

Appropriate use criteria (AUC) assess all of the following aspects of cardiovascular testing EXCEPT:

All of the following are cyclotron-produced positron emitters EXCEPT:

Conception is unlikely to have happened:

Soft tissue attenuation artifacts decrease the diagnostic accuracy of SPECT in myocardial perfusion imaging as a result of increase in:

The recommended intravenous dose of Adenoscan for adults is:

The insertion of an intravenous line is suggested for the radiopharmaceutical injection of rest and stress parts of MPI in order to:

All of the following parameters can be assessed by performing an exercise stress in conjunction with MPI EXCEPT the patient’s:

A modified Bruce protocol is used for exercise testing in those patients who are:

Which of the following statements describing properties of technetium-based MPI tracers or thallium is CORRECT?

The heart responds to dobutamine infusion similarly to the way it responds to:

An acceptance window of 20 % allows acquiring data from cardiac cycles having a duration within:

Which of the following PET agents is classified as the freely diffusible tracer?

Present guidelines for the treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction include all of the following options EXCEPT:

Which of the following statements, describing extracardiac incidental findings (ECFs) on nuclear SPECT MPI, is FALSE?

What is the correct order of injections when a pharmacological stress test with Lexiscan is performed?

The perfusion–metabolism mismatch pattern—reduced perfusion and preserved metabolism—has been considered the hallmark of:

The distribution information obtained by the gated SPECT with Tc-99m-based tracers reflects the perfusion at the time of:

A measure of the work load of the heart, equal to systolic blood pressure multiplied by heart rate, is called:

LVEF is derived from the end-diastolic volume (EDV) and the end-systolic volume (ESV) using the formula:

Imaging after Tc-99m sestamibi administration is best done after a brief waiting period to allow for some liver and biliary clearance, but before significant accumulation of the radiotracer in the:

Sestamibi and tetrofosmin are lipid-soluble cationic compounds with first-pass extraction fractions in the range of:

F-18fluorodeoxyglucose is trapped in the myocyte as:

The typical stroke volume (SV) of the left ventricle is approximately:

Which of the following will increase the sensitivity of Tl-201 for detection of viable myocardium?

What is the recommended intravenous dose of Lexiscan?

After oral carbohydrate loading, high myocardial uptake of F-18 FDG reflects increased myocardial glucose utilization due to the release of:

Arrhythmias, such as multiple PVCs, can adversely affect the gated blood pool study if these beats account for more than:

In the Bruce protocol, the incline and speed of the treadmill are increased every 3 min through a total of:

To minimize hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal interference, the optimal time imaging window for Tc-99m-labeled radiopharmaceuticals (Sestamibi or Tetrofosmin) is:

The standard SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging projection views are acquired over:

Which of the following X-ray photons emitted from Tl-201 decay are primarily captured during imaging?

PET tracers: C-11 acetate and O₂-15 are markers of:

Figure 2.4 presents a screenshot of a standard LAO view MUGA scan. The arrow is pointing to the: