Spoiled Gradient Echo

23 Spoiled Gradient Echo

Cases 23 through 26 discuss four different types of gradient echo (GRE) sequences routinely applied in clinical practice. In these cases, the evolution from a basic GRE sequence sampling data during free induction decay (FID) to more complex pulse sequences combining both gradient echo and spin echo features are explained. Figure 23.1 illustrates the simplest GRE sequence structure using just the FID for imaging acquisition. After the application of a single radiofrequency (RF) pulse, with a flip angle typically less than 90°, resulting in only a fraction of the available longitudinal magnetization tipping into the transverse plane (1 in Fig. 23.1

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