Thigh Muscles

Thigh Muscles

TERMINOLOGY

Abbreviations

• Function (F), insertion (I), origin (O)

IMAGING ANATOMY

Compartment Anatomy

• Compartmental anatomy is different from functional groupings
• Thigh divided into anterior, medial, and posterior compartments
• Additional muscles at junction pelvis/thigh
- Pectineus, iliopsoas, obturator externus, lateral femoral muscles
• Extensions from fascia lata divide compartments
• Compartment anatomy critical to tumor staging and biopsy planning
- When performing percutaneous biopsy, try not to cross between affected and nonaffected compartment

Medial Compartment Muscles

• Anterior division: Adductor brevis and longus, gracilis muscles
• Posterior division: Adductor magnus muscle
• Common function: Hip adduction; assist hip flexion, internal rotation (except obturator externus muscle)
• Adductor brevis
- O: Inferior pubic ramus
- I: Inferior 2/3 pectineal line, superior 1/2 medial lip of linea aspera
• Adductor longus
- O: Pubic body inferior to crest
- I: Medial lip of linea aspera
• Adductor magnus : 2 separate muscles with different innervations and functions
- Adductor portion
  - – O: Ischiopubic ramus
  - – I: Gluteal tuberosity, medial lip linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
- Adductor hiatus between 2 divisions of muscle in distal thigh
• Gracilis
• Obturator externus
• Pectineus
- O: Superior pubic ramus, pecten
- I: Pectineal line femur

Anterior Compartment Muscles

• Common function: Knee extension (except sartorius)
• Quadriceps femoris : Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius muscles
- Common tendon of insertion onto superior, lateral, medial patella
• Rectus femoris
• Vastus lateralis
• Vastus medialis
- O: Entire medial lip of linea aspera, inferior intertrochanteric line, medial intermuscular septum
- I: Tendon of rectus femoris muscle, superomedial patella (quadriceps tendon), medial condyle tibia (medial patellar retinaculum)
• Vastus intermedius
- O: Anterior and lateral femoral shaft, inferior lateral lip of linea aspera, lateral intermuscular septum
- I: Blends along deep aspect of rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis muscles
• Sartorius : Tailor’s muscle
• Tensor Fascia Lata Muscle
- Iliotibial tract/band : Lateral thickening fascia lata
  - – O: Tubercle iliac crest
  - – I: Anterolateral proximal tibia (Gerdy tubercle)

Posterior Compartment Muscles

• Common functions: Hip extension, knee flexion
• Hamstrings : Long head biceps femoris, semimembranous, semitendinosus, ischiocondylar portion of adductor magnus muscles
- Does not include short head biceps femoris muscle
• Pes anserine
- Common aponeurosis for insertion gracilis, semitendinosus, sartorius tendons
- Pes anserine bursa between tendons and tibia
• Biceps femoris
- Long head O: Ischial tuberosity (inferior, medial)
  - – Common tendon with semitendinosus muscle
- Short head O: Lateral lip of linea aspera femur, lateral supracondylar line, lateral intermuscular septum
  - – Not part of hamstring muscles
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Tags: Diagnostic Ultrasound Musculoskeletal

Apr 9, 2020 | Posted by admin in MUSCULOSKELETAL IMAGING | Comments Off

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