Coronary artery calcium scoring using noncontrast CT is a clinically useful noninvasive estimate of coronary artery disease burden.

Calcium score is a predictor of cardiovascular events.

Cardiac output normalized for body surface (l/min/m²).

Treatment for symptomatic heart failure (NYHA III–IV).

Positioning of a biventricular pacemaker in order to reduce ventricular dyssynchrony due left bundle branch block.

Pacing lateral LV wall (via coronary sinus) and septum (via RV).

Improves cardiac output.

CT: can be useful preimplantation to assess coronary sinus perviety.

Previously classified as diseases of unknown cause with primary myocardial involvement.

Actually reclassified according to predominant pathophysiological process since many genetic causes have been discovered.

WHO classification: (1) dilated cardiomyopathy; (2) hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; (3) restrictive cardiomyopathy; (4) arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy.

Interventional technique aimed to destroy abnormal tissue. Used in atrial fibrillation to isolate arrhythmogenic trigger points.

Energy sources: (1) radio frequency; (2) cooled radio frequency; (3) cryoablation.

Myocarditis of parasitic origin caused by the Trypanosoma cruzi.

Acute disease: most common in children; presentation, fatal myocarditis.

Chronic disease: mostly asymptomatic; presentation, cardiomyopathy, megaesophagus, and megacolon.

Highly mobile network of weblike strand attached to the tip of Eustachian valve or right atrium wall.

Differential diagnosis: vegetation or mass.

Completely occluded coronary artery for >3 months.

Age and length of occlusion are major determinants of PCI success.

Rare small-vessel vasculitis.

MR: (1) high-intensity signal in STIR sequences in acute stage; (2) LE involves subendocardial segments, unlike other myocarditis.

See also section “Myocarditis, Eosinophilic”.

Useful to assess SAM in HCM patient in 3-chamber view.