40 Inferior Thyroid Artery
F. Goetz, A. Giesemann
The blood supply to the thyroid gland is of great clinical relevance. In addition to the inferior thyroid arteries, the superior thyroid arteries (see Figs. 42.2–42.9) and the arteria thyroidea ima (see Fig. 2.22) show considerable variations.1–10
40.1 Origin from the Subclavian Artery Medial to the Anterior Scalenus Muscle (95%)
Fig. 40.1 From the thyrocervical trunk (normal case as shown in textbooks) (85%). Schematic (a) and DSA (b), injection of the thyrocervical trunk. In b, the inferior thyroid artery gives a thyroid parenchymal blush. There is only faint opacification of the internal thoracic artery and the costocervical trunk. 1 Inferior thyroid artery; 2 thyroid parenchymal blush; 3 thyrocervical trunk; 4 internal thoracic artery.
Fig. 40.2 Direct from the subclavian artery (8%). Schematic.
Fig. 40.3 Common stem with the vertebral artery (1%). Schematic.
Fig. 40.4 Common stem with the internal thoracic artery (1%). Schematic.
40.2 Origin from the Subclavian Artery, Posterior or Lateral to the Anterior Scalenus Muscle (1%)
Fig. 40.5 Common origin with the suprascapular artery or the costocervical trunk (<1%). Schematic.
Fig. 40.6 Direct from the subclavian artery (0.1%). Schematic.
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