(Left) Axial graphic shows the anteromedial approach (green line), which uses the space between the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the tracheoesophageal complex medially. The anterolateral approach (black line) posterior to the carotid sheath avoids the vessels to the thyroid, the vagus nerve, and the superior laryngeal nerve.
(Right) Axial graphic shows posterior instrumented fusion with facet screws and longitudinal rod fixation. Exiting roots and vertebral arteries within the transverse foramen are to be avoided.
(Left) Imaging was taken following resection of C2 aneurysmal bone cyst. Postoperative CT exam shows the normal appearance following C2 corpectomy and resection of the posterior elements with occiput to C3-C5 fusion with patient in halo frame.
(Right) Sagittal NECT shows the occipital part of the hardware construct with 3 screws extending through the inner table following C2 corpectomy and resection of the posterior elements with occiput to C3-C5 fusion with patient in halo frame.
(Left) CT image in this patient with RA shows cranial settling with upward translocation of the odontoid process relative to foramen magnum . There are odontoid erosions , and increased atlantodental interval .
(Right) Sagittal CT shows changes of 2 stage surgery, with the 1st being posterior occiput to C4 fusion and the 2nd stage the anterior resection of odontoid process . Bone graft material has been laid down along the posterior elements .
(Left) Axial graphic of retroperitoneal approach shows dissection of the peritoneum off of abdominal wall laterally. At the psoas level, the peritoneum and ureter are lifted off the psoas and retracted medially.
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are to be avoided.
following C2 corpectomy and resection of the posterior elements with occiput to C3-C5 fusion with patient in halo frame.
. There are odontoid erosions 
, and increased atlantodental interval 
.
and the 2nd stage the anterior resection of odontoid process 
. Bone graft material has been laid down along the posterior elements 
.
