Bone Infarction

Oct 5, 2016 by in NEUROLOGICAL IMAGING Comments Off on Bone Infarction

 Not osteonecrosis (Kümmell disease) Imaging • Well-defined, geographic signal abnormality, which tends to involve anterior 1/3 to 1/2 of vertebral body • T2WI shows increased signal in multiple bodies, with abrupt transition…

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Fibrous Dysplasia

Oct 5, 2016 by in NEUROLOGICAL IMAGING Comments Off on Fibrous Dysplasia

 However, matrix may range from purely lytic to purely sclerotic lesion • Narrow zone of transition ± sclerotic margin • Low to intermediate signal intensity on T1WI, heterogeneous on T2WI, STIR, variable…

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Median Neuropathy

Oct 5, 2016 by in NEUROLOGICAL IMAGING Comments Off on Median Neuropathy

 Fascicles indistinct • Perineural enhancement • ± mass compressing nerve • Denervation changes in muscles distal to entrapment Top Differential Diagnoses • Cervical radiculopathy • Tenosynovitis • Peripheral nerve sheath tumor • Thoracic outlet syndrome Pathology • Overuse…

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Bow Hunter Syndrome

Oct 5, 2016 by in NEUROLOGICAL IMAGING Comments Off on Bow Hunter Syndrome

 Motor or sensory deficits, ataxia, diplopia, dysarthria, dysmetria, vertigo, visual field deficit, cranial nerve dysfunction, syncope • Treatment  Brace to restrict head motion, surgical fusion to prevent atlantoaxial rotation, vertebral artery…

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Paraneoplastic Myelopathy

Oct 5, 2016 by in NEUROLOGICAL IMAGING Comments Off on Paraneoplastic Myelopathy

 Antibodies against intracellular antigens  Older individuals, resistant to treatment  Mediated by T-cell mechanisms • Most common with lung and breast cancer • Most common antibodies causing myelopathy  Amphiphysin-IgG  Collapsin response-mediator protein-5 (CRMP-5)…

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Myelofibrosis

Oct 5, 2016 by in NEUROLOGICAL IMAGING Comments Off on Myelofibrosis

 Slightly higher on T2WI, STIR than on T1WI  Abnormalities may be diffuse or patchy  Signal intensity does not change between in- and out-phase imaging  Minimal or no enhancement with gadolinium…

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Cervical Hyperextension-Rotation Injury

Oct 5, 2016 by in NEUROLOGICAL IMAGING Comments Off on Cervical Hyperextension-Rotation Injury

 Pedicolaminar fracture-separation Imaging • Asymmetric hyperextension pattern of injury to posterior column • Below C2; most common at C6 and C7 • Fracture of articular facet  Associated with radiculopathy • Fracture of articular pillar…

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Normal Variant

Oct 5, 2016 by in NEUROLOGICAL IMAGING Comments Off on Normal Variant

 Cervical vertebral pseudosubluxation  Incomplete C1 ring  Cervical ribs  Transitional vertebral anatomy  Focal fatty marrow  Ectopic kidney  Conjoined nerve root  Incomplete posterior lumbar elements  High thecal sac termination Imaging • Multiplanar MR…

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Femoral Neuropathy

Oct 5, 2016 by in NEUROLOGICAL IMAGING Comments Off on Femoral Neuropathy

(Left) Coronal graphic shows the normal course of the femoral nerve relative to the psoas muscle and inguinal ligament . The femoral nerve produces multiple peripheral branches to the anterior…

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Occipitocervical Fixation

Oct 5, 2016 by in NEUROLOGICAL IMAGING Comments Off on Occipitocervical Fixation

 Injury to cord, cranial nerve 12, C1 and C2 roots  Incidence of cord injury in OCF very low • Vertebral artery (VA) injury primarily from screw placement (4%)  If intraoperative injury…

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