Choledochal Cyst
KEY FACTS Terminology • 5 types, but cystic dilation of common bile duct (CBD) is most common type seen in utero Imaging • Upper abdominal cyst associated with liver ○…
Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney
KEY FACTS Terminology • Multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK): Renal cystic dysplasia Imaging • Multiple noncommunicating cysts in kidney ○ Intervening renal tissue is sparse and abnormal ○ Large kidney size…
Genitourinary Tract
Embryology and Anatomy Kidney Formation • Kidney development undergoes a complicated series of formation and regression of primitive renal structures • Final kidney is formed from interaction of the ureteric…
Meconium Peritonitis, Pseudocyst
KEY FACTS Terminology • Chemical peritonitis due to intrauterine bowel perforation Imaging • Intraperitoneal calcifications in 85% ○ May be only finding if early perforation has healed • Implants on…
Duplicated Collecting System
KEY FACTS Terminology • Duplicated kidney with separate upper and lower pole collecting systems • Complete or partial duplication: Most in utero are complete Imaging • 2 separate ureters drain…
Prune-Belly Syndrome
KEY FACTS Terminology • Disorder characterized by 3 principle components ○ Dramatic collecting system dilatation ○ Deficiency of abdominal musculature ○ Cryptorchidism (undescended testes) Imaging • Gross dilatation of bladder,…
Duodenal Atresia
KEY FACTS Terminology • Lack of normal duodenal canalization leading to partial (web/stenosis) or complete obstruction (atresia) Imaging • Double bubble : Fluid-filled stomach and duodenum • Persistent fluid in…
Cloacal Malformation/Urogenital Sinus
KEY FACTS Terminology • Cloaca is single cavity present in early embryonic development when bladder, genital tract, and bowel are all connected • Spectrum of abnormal anatomy is related to…
Jejunal, Ileal Atresia
KEY FACTS Imaging • Dilated, fluid-filled loops of bowel progressively enlarge ○ Triple bubble for proximal jejunal atresia ○ Sausage-shaped bowel loops • Normal small bowel < 7-mm diameter •…
Esophageal Atresia
KEY FACTS Terminology • Esophagus atresia (EA) often associated with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) Imaging • Small or absent stomach bubble ○ Often difficult to define when stomach is “small” ○…
