Dental X-Rays: How Frequently Do You Really Need Them?
Dental X-rays are part of a good oral health routine. While not as important as other procedures, like visual exams and tooth cleanings, X-rays are an essential tool dentists use…
Beyond the Naked Eye: How Dental X-Rays Detect Hidden Problems
Dental radiography has become an indispensable tool in modern dental practice. X-ray images enable dentists to see what is impossible to detect with the naked eye, providing a detailed view…
How Imaging Helps Assess Ice Bath Therapy for Muscle Recovery
Many athletes have widely used ice bath therapy or cold water immersion, and they are still actively practising. Cold exposure therapy has many benefits, including easing pain. Athletes generally have…
The Abdomen
Anterior Abdominal Wall FASCIAL LAYERS There are two layers of superficial fascia on the abdominal wall; a loose areolar fatty layer named Camper’s fascia, and deep to this a fibrous…
The Thorax
The thorax is the portion of the trunk that lies between the lower neck and the upper abdomen. It is made up of the chest wall (the thoracic cage and…
Head and Neck
The Skull and Facial Bones The skull consists of the calvarium, facial bones and mandible. The calvarium is the brain case and comprises the skull vault and skull base. The…
The Lower Limb
The Bones of the Lower Limb THE FEMUR ( Fig. 8.1 ) The femur is the longest and the strongest bone of the body. It has a head, neck, shaft…
The Pelvis
The Bony Pelvis, Muscles and Ligaments The pelvis ( Fig. 6.1 ) is a bony ring consisting of paired innominate bones , the sacrum and coccyx . The innominate bones…
The Upper Limb
The Bones of the Upper Limb THE SCAPULA ( Figs. 7.1, 7.2 ) This flat triangular bone has three processes: ■ The glenoid process, which is separated from the remainder…
The Central Nervous System
Cerebral Hemispheres The cerebral hemispheres fill the cranial vault above the tentorium cerebelli. Right and left hemispheres are partly separated by the interhemispheric fissure. There are several white matter tracts…
