Radiology Key

Osteoarthritis KEY FACTS Terminology • Osteoarthrosis, osteoarthropathy, degenerative joint disease Imaging • Joint space narrowing, marginal osteophytosis, capsular swelling, synovitis, & effusion are US signs of OA • Most commonly affects knee, hip,…

Bone Tumor KEY FACTS Terminology • Bone tumor: Neoplastic growth of tissue in bone • Benign tumor: Tumor that does not metastasize • Malignant tumor: Tumor that does metastasize • Primary bone tumor: Tumor…

Shoulder Procedures KEY FACTS Preprocedure • Indication  Glenohumeral joint aspiration (suspected infection) or injection (contrast for arthrography; adhesive capsulitis symptom relief)  Subacromial-subdeltoid (SA-SD) bursal injection (symptom relief) or aspiration (suspected infection)…

Wrist Ultrasound KEY FACTS GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS • Common specific indications are suspected ganglia, joint effusion, synovitis, septic arthritis, tendon disorders, carpal tunnel syndrome • Less common specific indications are Guyon canal syndrome,…

Lipoma KEY FACTS Imaging • Subcutaneous, most common  Well-defined, oblong-shaped encapsulated mass with fine linear striations parallel to long axis of tumor – Of variable echogenicity depending on cellularity and fat-water content…

Hip Ultrasound KEY FACTS GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS • US very good for suspected hip effusion, synovitis, some adductor tendon pathology, and greater trochanteric pain  Can be supplemented by MR, particularly for deep…

Nerve Injury KEY FACTS Terminology • Neurapraxia → impaired nerve function due to conduction block • Axonotmesis = “axon cutting” → impaired nerve function due to tear of axon or axons ±…

Joint Infection KEY FACTS Imaging • Echogenic joint effusion with positive aspirate ± synovial/capsular thickening and hyperemia • Normal US examination excludes septic arthritis  Provided joint capsule is intact, then no joint…

Bone Fracture KEY FACTS Terminology • Fracture (fx): Traumatic discontinuity of bone usually involving both cortical and trabecular bone • Stress fx: Fx occurring in normal bone due to excessive repetitive submaximal…

Soft Tissue Infection KEY FACTS Terminology • Infection of soft tissue including cellulitis, infective fasciitis, necrotizing fasciitis, pyomyositis, phlegmon, and abscess Imaging • US excellent for localized soft tissue infection • Use US…