Shoulder Girdle Injuries
10.1055/b-0036-129608 Shoulder Girdle Injuries Peter A. Cole and Aaron R. Jacobson Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation Acromioclavicular (AC) dislocation is a common injury due to the prominence of the AC joint at…
Carpal Fractures and Dislocations
10.1055/b-0036-129615 Carpal Fractures and Dislocations Jeffry Todd Watson Carpal Instability Carpal instability, literally defined, occurs when the wrist demonstrates symptomatic malalignment, is unable to bear loads, and has abnormal kinematics…
Acetabular Fractures
10.1055/b-0036-129618 Acetabular Fractures Philip J. Kregor and Michael D. Stover The acetabulum is a socket of bone formed from the fusion of the ilium, ischium, and pubis at the triradiate…
Proximal Humerus Fractures and Shoulder Dislocations
10.1055/b-0036-129609 Proximal Humerus Fractures and Shoulder Dislocations Michael J. Gardner and Andrew H. Schmidt Proximal humerus fractures represent up to 5% of all fractures, and they most often occur in…
Femoral Shaft Fractures
10.1055/b-0036-129623 Femoral Shaft Fractures Brent L. Norris and Nikola Marko Dobrasevic Fractures of the diaphysis (shaft) of the femur are nearly always the result of relatively high-energy trauma. The femur…
Elbow Trauma
10.1055/b-0036-129612 Elbow Trauma Gertraud Gradl, Neil G. Harness, and David Ring The surgical treatment of adult elbow trauma, including traumatic elbow instability, has evolved rapidly in recent years because problems…
Ankle Fractures and Dislocations
10.1055/b-0036-129630 Ankle Fractures and Dislocations Cory Collinge, Derek Dombroski, and Keith Heier The ankle is the most commonly injured weight-bearing joint of the body,1 and most orthopedic surgeons routinely treat…
Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures
10.1055/b-0036-129622 Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures Stephen H. Sims, William D. Lack, and Ari D. Levine Fractures of the subtrochanteric region of the proximal femur can be especially challenging to manage, and…
Intertrochanteric Hip Fractures
10.1055/b-0036-129621 Intertrochanteric Hip Fractures Thomas A. Russell Extra-articular fractures of the proximal metaphyseal region of the hip, commonly referred to as intertrochanteric or pertrochanteric fractures, are the most common surgically…
Distal Tibia Fractures
10.1055/b-0036-129629 Distal Tibia Fractures Sean E. Nork Fractures of the distal tibia are among the most difficult injuries facing the orthopaedic traumatologist. Although both extra-articular and intra-articular patterns occur with…
