Acute Calculous Cholecystitis
KEY FACTS Terminology • Acute inflammation of gallbladder (GB) secondary to calculus obstructing cystic duct Imaging • US 1st-line imaging test • Distended GB (> 5 cm transverse diameter) with…
Delayed Renal Graft Function
KEY FACTS Terminology • Need for dialysis or failure of serum creatinine to halve in 1st week after transplantation Imaging • Clinical diagnosis with no specific imaging findings • Renal…
Renal Transplant Hydronephrosis
KEY FACTS Imaging • Dilated renal pelvis and calyces ± dilated ureter • Distended bladder may cause functional obstruction or reflux resulting in hydronephrosis • Low-level echoes within lumen suggest…
Adrenal Glands
GROSS ANATOMY Overview • Adrenal (suprarenal) glands are part of both endocrine and nervous systems • Lie within perirenal space, bounded by perirenal (Gerota) fascia • Right adrenal is more…
Abdominal Lymph Nodes
GROSS ANATOMY Overview • Major lymphatic vessels and nodal chains lie along major blood vessels (aorta, inferior vena cava, iliac) • Lymph nodes carry same name as vessel they accompany…
Urolithiasis
KEY FACTS Terminology • Urinary tract stone, urinary calculous disease, nephrolithiasis, ureterolithiasis, vesicolithiasis • Macroscopic concretions of crystals in urinary system, sometimes mixed with proteins Imaging • US has 96%…
Mucinous Cystic Pancreatic Tumor
KEY FACTS Terminology • Synonyms: Mucinous cystic neoplasm, macrocystic cystadenoma/carcinoma, mucinous cystadenoma/carcinoma • Septated cystic neoplasm composed of mucin-producing epithelium and distinctive ovarian-type stroma, ranging in grade from potentially malignant…
Bladder Carcinoma
KEY FACTS Terminology • Malignant tumor of bladder [95% transitional cell (urothelial) carcinoma] Imaging • Focal bladder wall thickening with intraluminal extension as mass • Grayscale US: Immobile polypoidal or…
Renal Transplant Arteriovenous (AV) Fistula
KEY FACTS Terminology • Abnormal direct communication between artery and vein Imaging • Usually in renal parenchyma; may be extrarenal • Not usually visible when small • Large arteriovenous fistulas:…
Serous Cystadenoma of Pancreas
KEY FACTS Terminology • Synonyms: Pancreatic serous cystic neoplasm, microcystic adenoma of pancreas Imaging • Commonly in body and tail; 30% in pancreatic head • Variable size; mean: 4.9 cm…
