Radiology Key

KEY FACTS Terminology • Gas within portal venous system Imaging • Grayscale ultrasound ○ Highly reflective foci in portal venous system – Move along with blood ○ Poorly defined, highly…

TERMINOLOGY Abbreviations • Extrahepatic biliary structures ○ Gallbladder (GB) ○ Cystic duct (CD) ○ Right hepatic (RH) and left hepatic (LH) ducts ○ Common hepatic duct (CHD) ○ Common bile…

KEY FACTS Terminology • Definition: Obstruction of PV due to thrombosis Imaging • Absent blood flow within PV on color or spectral Doppler • Cavernous transformation of PV: Multiple portal…

KEY FACTS Imaging • Portal vein stenosis ○ Elevated portal vein velocity > 125 cm/s at anastomosis – Portal vein velocity normally < 60 cm/s ○ Anastomotic:preanastomotic velocity ratio –…

KEY FACTS Imaging • Hepatic artery stenosis ○ Elevated peak systolic velocity at anastomosis > 200-250 cm/s ○ Parvus tardus waveforms in intrahepatic arteries – Acceleration time > 0.08 s…

KEY FACTS Imaging • Ultrasound ○ Initial imaging modality for evaluation of biliary system ○ Dilated biliary duct proximal to site of anastomosis ○ Focal area of narrowing may be…

KEY FACTS Imaging • Hepatic venous stenosis ○ Color Doppler – May see focal turbulent flow at stenosis and stenotic jet ○ Spectral Doppler – Elevated velocity at site of…

KEY FACTS Terminology • Neoplasm of lymphoid tissues in liver Imaging • No known specific imaging findings for diagnosis of hepatic lymphoma • Hepatic lymphoma often favors periportal areas due…

KEY FACTS Terminology • Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) • Benign tumor of liver caused by hyperplastic response to localized vascular abnormality Imaging • US ○ Usually homogeneous and isoechoic ○…

KEY FACTS Terminology • Infection of humans caused by larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis Imaging • Best diagnostic clue: Membranes ± daughter cysts in complex heterogeneous mass •…