Liver Transplant Biliary Stricture
KEY FACTS Imaging • Ultrasound ○ Initial imaging modality for evaluation of biliary system ○ Dilated biliary duct proximal to site of anastomosis ○ Focal area of narrowing may be…
Liver Transplant Hepatic Venous Stenosis/Thrombosis
KEY FACTS Imaging • Hepatic venous stenosis ○ Color Doppler – May see focal turbulent flow at stenosis and stenotic jet ○ Spectral Doppler – Elevated velocity at site of…
Hepatic Lymphoma
KEY FACTS Terminology • Neoplasm of lymphoid tissues in liver Imaging • No known specific imaging findings for diagnosis of hepatic lymphoma • Hepatic lymphoma often favors periportal areas due…
Focal Nodular Hyperplasia
KEY FACTS Terminology • Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) • Benign tumor of liver caused by hyperplastic response to localized vascular abnormality Imaging • US ○ Usually homogeneous and isoechoic ○…
Hepatic Hydatid Cyst
KEY FACTS Terminology • Infection of humans caused by larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis Imaging • Best diagnostic clue: Membranes ± daughter cysts in complex heterogeneous mass •…
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
KEY FACTS Terminology • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ○ Primary malignancy of liver arising from hepatocytes • Synonyms: Hepatoma, primary liver cancer Imaging • Ultrasound: Primary test for screening/surveillance for HCC…
Portal Hypertension
KEY FACTS Terminology • Portal hypertension: Pressure gradient > 12 mm Hg between main portal vein (PV) and IVC &/or hepatic veins Imaging • Ultrasound for 1st-line evaluation of portal…
Hepatic Metastases
KEY FACTS Terminology • Malignant spread of neoplasm to hepatic parenchyma Imaging • Grayscale ultrasound ○ Hypoechoic metastasis: Usually from hypovascular tumors ○ Hyperechoic metastasis: Hypervascular metastasis ○ “Bull’s-eye” or…
Hepatic Adenoma
KEY FACTS Terminology • Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) or liver cell adenoma • 2nd most frequent hepatic tumor in young women after focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) Imaging • Heterogeneous, hypervascular, hypo-/iso-/hyperechoic…
Amebic Hepatic Abscess
KEY FACTS Terminology • Localized pus collection in liver due to Entamoeba histolytica with destruction of hepatic parenchyma Imaging • General feature ○ Most often solitary (85%), peripherally located •…
