Imaging the Small Bowel
Traditional evaluation of the small bowel involved small bowel follow-though (SBFT) or enteroclysis, which provide excellent survey of the small bowel but are insensitive for subtle bowel pathologic processes and…
Gastric Outlet Obstruction
Etiology Gastric outlet obstruction is an uncommon clinical consequence with a wide range of causes. Benign and malignant as well as gastric and extragastric causes have been described. It was…
Small Bowel Obstruction
Small Bowel Obstruction: General Considerations Etiology Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a common manifestation, and appropriate management continues to be a clinical challenge. The morbidity and mortality associated with acute…
Gastric Stromal Tumors
Stromal tumors of the stomach are rare tumors that arise from the mesenchyma, the connective tissue and blood vessels that support an organ. The parenchyma, on the other hand, represents…
Ureteral and Kidney Stones
Etiology Renal calculi are typically caused by crystallization of supersaturated stone-forming materials in the urine. Calcium, in the form of calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, and calcium urate, is the most…
Esophageal Imaging
Technical Aspects Anatomy The esophagus extends from the pharynx to the cardiac portion of the stomach. The length of the esophagus is approximately 25 to 30 cm, and it has cervical,…
Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Etiology The causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding include esophageal or gastric varices, Mallory-Weiss tears, gastritis, and gastric or duodenal ulcers. Common causes of lower gastrointestinal tract bleeding include colonic diverticulosis,…
Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography Technique and Instrumentation
Technical Aspects Positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) represents the successful technical combination of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and PET into a single scanner. PET with the fluorine-18 (18F)–labeled…
Acute Appendicitis
Etiology Acute appendicitis results from obstruction of the appendiceal lumen from any cause (most commonly a fecalith), leading to overdistention and superinfection and, if not treated promptly, to perforation and…
Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applications
Technical Aspects Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has evolved significantly since its infancy, with major advances in hardware, software, coil developments, sequence development, and contrast agents. Industry and academia continue to…
