Clinical Considerations Ultrasound is an ideal modality to supplement evaluation of the soft tissue. The high–frequency linear transducer produces a detailed image of the area in question. By adding dynamic…

Normal First-Trimester Ultrasound Appearance Pelvic ultrasound is the key imaging modality in the diagnosis of early pregnancy and its associated complications. Both transabdominal and transvaginal sonography (TVS) techniques are used….

Anatomy This chapter is different from other chapters, in that there may be a variety of causes and different anatomic regions may be the etiology of pain in later pregnancy….

Normal Anatomy The pancreas is mostly within the retroperitoneum in the anterior pararenal space. However, the tail of the pancreas is actually an intraperitoneal structure and in close relationship with…

Introduction Patients with aortic pathology often present with nonspecific complaints or presentations such as back pain, abdominal pain, myocardial infarction (MI), or even stroke, making the diagnosis difficult. The adage…

Introduction Long considered to be a vital diagnostic tool utilized exclusively within the realm of cardiology, transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is being used safely and effectively within the perioperative, critical care,…

Normal Anatomy The uterus is composed of the muscular layer, or myometrium. The body is the main portion of the uterus. The fundus is a more superior portion above the…

Introduction Musculoskeletal ultrasound has become increasingly common over the last two decades. The possibility of a real-time, dynamic imaging modality that is both low cost and safe are among the…

The Liver Normal Liver Normal Anatomy The cephalad portion of the liver is bounded by the diaphragm. The caudal extent of the liver is in close proximity to the stomach,…

Introduction Transcranial ultrasound (US) is commonly used to evaluate complications of prematurity, in which case it may be used as a screening tool, or to evaluate infants with seizures, apnea,…