Ligament Injury
KEY FACTS Terminology • Ligament: Fibrous band that connects 2 bones and helps stabilize intervening joint Imaging • Ligament tears can be partial or complete and have same appearance irrespective…
ULTRASONOGRAPHY
Functional Ovarian Cyst
KEY FACTS Terminology • Follicular cyst (FC) forms from persistent follicle, ovulation does not occur • Corpus luteum cyst (CLC) forms from graafian follicle following ovulation Imaging • FC: Intraovarian…
Renal Angiomyolipoma
KEY FACTS Imaging • Discrete renal mass with varying amounts of dysmorphic blood vessels, smooth muscle, and mature adipose tissue • Variable size, can be very large • Single or…
Rotator Cuff/Biceps Tendon Tear
KEY FACTS Terminology • Partial-thickness, full-thickness, or complete tear Imaging • Supraspinatus tendon tears most common close to or at insertional area, especially anterior fibers ○ Most tears are avulsive…
Epidermoid Cyst
KEY FACTS Terminology • Slow-growing subdermal cyst that contains keratin and is lined by stratified squamous epithelium ○ Does not contain dermal elements (dermoid cyst) Imaging • Ultrasound appearances depend…
Prostate and Seminal Vesicles
GROSS ANATOMY Prostate • Walnut-sized gland beneath bladder and in front of rectum ○ Normal prostate in young male ~ 3-cm length x 4-cm width x 2-cm depth • Inverted…
Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands
GROSS ANATOMY Thyroid Gland • H- or U-shaped gland in anterior cervical neck formed from 2 elongated lateral lobes with superior and inferior poles connected by median isthmus • Thyroid…
Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
KEY FACTS Terminology • Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) • Clinical syndrome generally associated with ovulation induction Imaging • Bilaterally enlarged, cystic ovaries ○ Heterogeneous complex ovarian cysts with debris and…
Perigraft Fluid Collections
KEY FACTS Terminology • Perigraft fluid collections include hematomas, seromas, urinomas, lymphoceles, and abscesses Imaging • US is 1st-line modality for evaluating renal transplants; excellent for fluid collections • Collections…
Vertebral Arteries
IMAGING ANATOMY Overview • Vertebral artery (VA): 4 segments ○ V1 segment (extraosseous segment) – Arises from 1st part of subclavian artery – Courses posterosuperiorly to enter C6 transverse foramen…
