Testicular Torsion/Infarction
KEY FACTS Terminology • Spontaneous or traumatic twisting of testis & spermatic cord within scrotum, resulting in vascular occlusion/infarction Imaging • Absent or decreased abnormal testicular blood flow on color…
ULTRASONOGRAPHY
Adrenal Cyst
KEY FACTS Terminology • Simple or complex cystic lesion in adrenal gland Imaging • Well-defined, round, typically unilocular, thin-walled, suprarenal cyst • Anechoic or hypoechoic lesion with thin wall and…
Mucinous Ovarian Cystadenoma/Carcinoma
KEY FACTS Terminology • Mucinous epithelial neoplasm, which can be benign (mucinous cystadenoma), borderline (low malignant potential), or malignant (mucinous cystadenocarcinoma) Imaging • Multilocular cystic mass with low-level echoes ○…
Renal Angiomyolipoma
KEY FACTS Imaging • Discrete renal mass with varying amounts of dysmorphic blood vessels, smooth muscle, and mature adipose tissue • Variable size, can be very large • Single or…
Deep Vein Thrombosis
KEY FACTS Terminology • Deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), venous thromboembolism (VTE) • Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): Thrombus forms within deep venous system, typically in lower limbs Imaging…
Cholelithiasis
KEY FACTS Imaging • Highly reflective, mobile and gravity-dependent intraluminal structures with posterior clean shadowing • Variable size; stones < 5 mm may not shadow • Contracted gallbladder (GB) full…
Hematoma/Seroma
KEY FACTS Terminology • Hematoma: Localized collection of blood outside of blood vessel • Seroma: Serous fluid collection within soft tissues (plasma exudate from small blood vessels) • Lymphocele: Collection…
Chronic Pancreatitis
KEY FACTS Terminology • Progressive, irreversible inflammatory and fibrosing disease Imaging • Dilated main pancreatic duct (MPD) with intraductal calculi is highly specific for chronic pancreatitis • Gland may be…
Tubular Ectasia of Rete Testis
KEY FACTS Terminology • Dilated rete testis • Cystic transformation of rete testis Imaging • Frequently bilateral ○ Usually asymmetric involvement • Branching tubules converging at mediastinum testis ○ Dilated…
Simple Renal Cyst
KEY FACTS Terminology • Benign, fluid-filled, nonneoplastic renal lesion Imaging • Ultrasound is ideal for characterizing simple or complex renal cysts in nonobese patients • Unilocular, thin-walled, round/oval renal lesion…
