Radial Ray Malformation
KEY FACTS Terminology • Spectrum of anomalies, including absence or hypoplasia of radius, radial carpal bones, &/or thumb Imaging • Single forearm bone • Radial deviation of hand ○ Fixed…
Fetal Growth Restriction
KEY FACTS Terminology • Fetus is pathologically small (growth restricted) ○ Fetal growth restriction (FGR) ○ Intrauterine growth restriction • Small for gestational age ○ Fetus is small but healthy,…
Umbilical Vein Varix
KEY FACTS Terminology • Several definitions in use ○ Focal dilatation of umbilical vein (UV) > 9-mm diameter ○ Varix diameter 50% > intrahepatic portion of UV ○ UV diameter…
Single Umbilical Artery
KEY FACTS Terminology • Umbilical cord with single umbilical artery (SUA) and 1 umbilical vein (UV) instead of 2 UAs and 1 UV • Also referred to as 2-vessel cord…
Low-Lying Placenta and Previa
KEY FACTS Terminology • Placenta previa (PP) : Placenta covers cervix internal os (IO) • Low-lying placenta (LLP) : Placenta edge < 2 cm from IO • Normal: Placenta edge…
Fetal Anemia
KEY FACTS Imaging • ↑ middle cerebral artery (MCA) peak systolic velocity (PSV) suggests diagnosis of fetal anemia • High-output heart failure is late finding ○ Cardiomegaly, polyhydramnios ○ Hydrops…
Pierre Robin Sequence
KEY FACTS Terminology • Mandibular hypoplasia with cleft palate and glossoptosis (backward and downward displacement of tongue) Imaging • Severe micrognathia on midsagittal view in midtrimester ○ 1st-trimester diagnosis has…
Discordant Twin Growth
KEY FACTS Terminology • Discordant twin growth most commonly defined as 20% difference in estimated fetal weight (EFW) between fetuses ○ Percentage difference in EFW = EFW larger – EFW…
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
KEY FACTS Terminology • Complex genetic disorder with principle features including macrosomia, macroglossia, and omphalocele Imaging • Macroglossia most consistent finding ○ Persistent protruding tongue throughout exam with inability to…
Thanatophoric Dysplasia
KEY FACTS Terminology • Lethal skeletal dysplasia ○ Thanatophoric is Greek for death bearing • Divided into 2 subtypes based on morphologic findings Imaging • Features seen in both TD1…
