Patella Fractures
George M. Bridgeforth and John Cherf A 24-year-old woman presents with marked swelling, pain, and soreness of the right knee after a motor vehicle accident. She cannot bend or straighten…
Patella Dislocations
George M. Bridgeforth and John Cherf A 21-year-old woman complains of right knee pain, which began after she fell on the sidewalk 1 month ago. CLINICAL POINTS Most dislocations are…
Degenerative Joint Disease (Osteoarthritis)
George M. Bridgeforth and John Cherf A 87-year-old man presents with left knee swelling and pain, which he has had for several months. CLINICAL POINTS Swelling is often characteristic. Morning…
Bimalleolar (Trimalleolar) Fractures
George M. Bridgeforth and George Holmes A 46-year-old woman falls on her right ankle while ice-skating. CLINICAL POINTS Bimalleolar fractures are fractures of the distal fibula and tibia. Trimalleolar fractures…
Bipartite Patella
George M. Bridgeforth and John Cherf A 26-year-old man fell and bruised his right knee. He now complains of pain, swelling, and tenderness. (From Bucholz RW, Heckman JD. Rockwood &…
Hip Fractures
George M. Bridgeforth, Kevin Bozic, and Jay Patel A 97-year-old woman presents with left hip pain after falling. CLINICAL POINTS The elderly are at higher risk for falls. Routinely reviewing…
Teardrop Fracture
George M. Bridgeforth and Mark Nolden A 21-year-old unrestrained male driver is transported to the emergency department after a rollover motor vehicle collision. CLINICAL POINTS Instability should always be assumed…
Avascular Necrosis
George M. Bridgeforth, Kevin Bozic, and Jay Patel A 41-year-old man who is positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is taking antiretroviral therapy. (He is a cocaine and intravenous…
Unilateral Facet Dislocations
George M. Bridgeforth and Mark Nolden A 19-year-old man was an unrestrained backseat passenger in an automobile involved in a collision with another motor vehicle. he now presents with left…
Degenerative Hip Disease (Osteoarthritis)
George M. Bridgeforth, Kevin Bozic, and Jay Patel A 79-year-old obese woman presents with left hip pain after a fall. she has difficulty walking. CLINICAL POINTS Patients often complain of…
