Rotator Cuff/Biceps Tendinosis KEY FACTS Terminology • Collagenous degeneration of rotator cuff ± biceps tendons with proteoglycan deposition Imaging • Supraspinatus > subscapularis, biceps and infraspinatus • Subclinical tendinosis very common and usually…
Muscle Injury KEY FACTS Terminology • Contusion : Direct blunt compressive trauma to muscle without definable tear • Tear : Discontinuity of muscle fibers typically at myofascial or myotendinous junction • Hernia :…
Baker Cyst KEY FACTS Imaging • Fluid-filled sac with neck arising from interspace between medial gastrocnemius muscle & semimembranosus tendon Cyst must have neck emerging from gastrocnemius muscle and semimembranosus tendon…
Osteoarthritis KEY FACTS Terminology • Osteoarthrosis, osteoarthropathy, degenerative joint disease Imaging • Joint space narrowing, marginal osteophytosis, capsular swelling, synovitis, & effusion are US signs of OA • Most commonly affects knee, hip,…
Bone Tumor KEY FACTS Terminology • Bone tumor: Neoplastic growth of tissue in bone • Benign tumor: Tumor that does not metastasize • Malignant tumor: Tumor that does metastasize • Primary bone tumor: Tumor…
Shoulder Procedures KEY FACTS Preprocedure • Indication Glenohumeral joint aspiration (suspected infection) or injection (contrast for arthrography; adhesive capsulitis symptom relief) Subacromial-subdeltoid (SA-SD) bursal injection (symptom relief) or aspiration (suspected infection)…
Wrist Ultrasound KEY FACTS GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS • Common specific indications are suspected ganglia, joint effusion, synovitis, septic arthritis, tendon disorders, carpal tunnel syndrome • Less common specific indications are Guyon canal syndrome,…
Hip Ultrasound KEY FACTS GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS • US very good for suspected hip effusion, synovitis, some adductor tendon pathology, and greater trochanteric pain Can be supplemented by MR, particularly for deep…
Nerve Injury KEY FACTS Terminology • Neurapraxia → impaired nerve function due to conduction block • Axonotmesis = “axon cutting” → impaired nerve function due to tear of axon or axons ±…
