Fig. 15.1 A vulnerable patient, characterized by vulnerable blood, vulnerable myocardium, and vulnerable plaque, may be identified by using risk calculators such as Framingham and Reynolds, which include biomarkers. A…
Stephen J. Nicholls and Tim Crowe (eds.)Contemporary CardiologyImaging Coronary Atherosclerosis201410.1007/978-1-4939-0572-0_11 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 11. Coronary Calcification: Roles in Risk Prediction and Monitoring Therapies Irfan Zeb1 and Matthew J. Budoff1 (1) Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Los…
Fig. 3.1 Relationship between in-stent loss (ISL) and binary angiographic restenosis (Adapted from Brener SJ, Prasad AJ, Khan Z, Sacchi TJ. The relationship between late lumen loss and restenosis among…
Fig. 1.1 Role of LDL, monocyte, macrophage, and chemokines for atherogenesis. ICAM intercellular adhesion molecule, LDL low-density lipoprotein, MCP monocyte chemoattractant protein, MPO myeloperoxidase, sPLA2 secretory phospholipase A2, TNF tumor…
Fig. 11.1 Multiplanar reformatted targeted three-dimensional T2 preparation echo coronary MRI depicting the right coronary artery (RCA), left main coronary artery (LM), and left circumflex (LCX). The in-plane spatial resolution…
Fig. 9.1 Prospectively triggered scanning. In this mode there is intermittent table motion, triggered by the ECG R-wave of the oncoming beat. Prospective mode is facilitated by a wider detector…
Fig. 8.1 Illustration of an x-ray source with a detector array Scans were acquired in a “step and shoot” mode in which 35–40 continuous gapless slices of 1–3 mm thickness…
Fig. 7.1 Angiographic underestimation of disease. Although angiogram (top) shows only minor luminal irregularities, two sites in the left anterior descending artery (arrows) show major atherosclerosis (below). The entire vessel…
Fig. 6.1 Cardiac catheterization lab equipment. X-rays are emitted from the source and travel through the patient to the image intensifier (Reproduced with permission of Elsevier from Libby et al….
Fig. 4.1 Prevalence of cardiovascular disease by age and sex in adults age 20 and older: NHANES 2003–2006 (Source: NCHS and NHLBI. These data include CHD, HF, stroke, and hypertension…
