Bone Fracture
Bone Fracture KEY FACTS Terminology • Fracture (fx): Traumatic discontinuity of bone usually involving both cortical and trabecular bone • Stress fx: Fx occurring in normal bone due to excessive repetitive submaximal…
Soft Tissue Infection
Soft Tissue Infection KEY FACTS Terminology • Infection of soft tissue including cellulitis, infective fasciitis, necrotizing fasciitis, pyomyositis, phlegmon, and abscess Imaging • US excellent for localized soft tissue infection • Use US…
Ligament Injury
Ligament Injury KEY FACTS Terminology • Ligament tear: Tear or avulsion of ligament fibers Imaging • Ligament tears have similar appearances irrespective of ligament location • Acute stage Diffuse or localized ligament swelling…
Ankle Ultrasound
Ankle Ultrasound KEY FACTS GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS • Common specific indications: Ligament tear, tendon disorders, and suspected joint infection and inflammation • Less common specific indications: Suspected tarsal tunnel syndrome, impingement, and ganglia…
Tenosynovitis
Tenosynovitis KEY FACTS Imaging • Occurs only in tendons encased by synovium • Distension of tenosynovium (tendon sheath) due to fluid or synovitis with variable tendon swelling • Acute exudative tenosynovitis Usually due…
Fat Injury
Fat Injury KEY FACTS Terminology • Focal inflammation ± necrosis ± atrophy of subcutaneous fat Imaging • Variable appearances depending on chronicity of lesion • Earlier stages Localized mild swelling and increased echogenicity…
Plantar Fasciitis and Fibromatosis
Plantar Fasciitis and Fibromatosis KEY FACTS Terminology • Plantar fascia = multilayered fibrous aponeurosis, 1-2 mm thick, with medial, central, and lateral bands Imaging • Plantar fasciitis Thickened plantar fascial insertion, especially…
Joint Injection: Lower Limb
Joint Injection: Lower Limb KEY FACTS Procedure • Hip joint injection Usually anterior approach – Longitudinal method: Preferred Needle tip positioned on “bare area” at head-neck junction – Transverse approach Needle tip positioned…
Hand and Wrist Procedures
Hand and Wrist Procedures KEY FACTS Preprocedure • Indication Aspiration of joint fluid Intraarticular injection of medication or contrast agent Percutaneous therapy of ganglion cyst, tendon disease, trigger finger, carpal tunnel…
Hip and Pelvis Procedures
Hip and Pelvis Procedures KEY FACTS Procedure • Hip or sacroiliac (SI) joint injection or aspiration US-guided joint injection more efficient than fluoroscopic-guided joint injection For hip, anterior longitudinal approach usually…
