Liver and Spleen
Fig. 2.1 ARFI liver. Normal value in healthy liver Fig. 2.2 ARFI liver. High value in cirrhotic liver Fig. 2.3 Haemangioma. Higher value in the focal hyperechoic liver lesion (a)…
ULTRASONOGRAPHY
Carotid Artery
Fig. 8.1 68-year-old male patient with recent ischaemic neurological symptoms, B-scan shows a hard plaque of the common carotid artery (CCA) Fig. 8.2 Duplex ultrasonography depicted no high-degree stenosis of…
Thyroid Gland
Fig. 7.1 Hyperplastic follicular lesion histologically proven. (a) At baseline ultrasound the lesion appears iso-hypoechoic with peripheral halo sign. (b1, b2) At power Doppler and at Advanced Dynamic Flow™ (ADF),…
Technical and Physical Aspects
Fig. 1.1 Exemplification of the pure stress (arrows) applied on the surface of a rectangular shaped homogeneous medium, which deforms it maintaining its volume. The blue line on the diagram…
Imaging of Other Tissues
Imaging of Other Tissues INTRODUCTION Knowledge of the sonographic appearance of other tissues is needed to appropriately identify structural relationships. Bone, skin, fat, cartilage, ligaments, arteries, and veins all have…
Understanding the Equipment
Understanding the Equipment The vast array of controls on most ultrasound machines can create anxiety for the beginner. Developing an understanding of the purpose of the instrumentation will facilitate the…
Imaging Nerve
Imaging Nerve Ultrasound is an excellent modality for evaluation of peripheral nerve tissue. The high resolution and dynamic capabilities allow precise measurements of even subtle changes, detection of alteration of…
Imaging Tendon
Imaging Tendon Ultrasound is an excellent imaging modality for assessing tendons. Evaluation of tendon and tendonopathy is one of the most frequent uses of ultrasound in musculoskeletal medicine. Tendons are…
