Gastric outlet obstruction
29 Gastric outlet obstruction Fig. 29.1 This radiograph demonstrates a distended stomach and a paucity of bowel gas elsewhere. This patient has gastric outlet obstruction (strictly speaking in this case…
ULTRASONOGRAPHY
White-out hemithorax
9 White-out hemithorax Background White-out hemithorax is an important radiological appearance because all three causes occur in unwell patients. These three causes are extensive pneumonia, collapse of the whole lung,…
Pericardial effusion
22 Pericardial effusion Fig. 22.1 This radiograph demonstrates a water-bottle-shaped heart in a young patient who was subsequently shown to have a pericardial effusion at echocardiography. Background Pericardial effusion is…
Lung metastases – multiple pulmonary nodules
16 Lung metastases – multiple pulmonary nodules Fig. 16.1A This radiograph demonstrates several round soft tissue nodules of varying sizes. This patient has multiple lung metastases. Background This is an…
Lung cancer and the solitary pulmonary nodule
15 Lung cancer and the solitary pulmonary nodule Fig. 15.1A This patient has a rounded irregular abnormality in the right mid-zone peripherally. This is a solitary pulmonary nodule, with subsequent…
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
14 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Fig. 14.1A This radiograph demonstrates hyperinflation of both lungs, a relatively small cardiac shadow and flattened hemidiaphragms in keeping with COPD. Background COPD refers…
Miliary TB
12 Miliary TB Fig. 12.1A This radiograph shows several tiny nodules scattered evenly throughout the entirety of the lungs. This patient has miliary TB. Background See Chapter 11. Miliary TB…
Tuberculosis (TB)
11 Tuberculosis (TB) Background TB is transmitted by the airborne route and active TB is highly infectious. It is caused by acid-fast bacilli. Signs of old TB can often be…
Central lines
3 Central lines Background Central lines or central venous pressure (CVP) lines are placed to allow access to the central venous circulation. They have several functions, such as venous access…
Lung abscess
10 Lung abscess Fig. 10.1A This radiograph demonstrates several ill-defined opacities in both lungs with central cavitation. This patient was an intravenous drug abuser who had endocarditis complicated by cavitating…
