Technical Aspects Functional imaging of the gallbladder and bile ducts is a valuable tool, providing critical information for the management of conditions of the biliary system. Modern functional techniques are…
Diffuse gallbladder wall thickening is commonly encountered in diagnostic settings. The ability of ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to directly visualize the thickened gallbladder wall ascertains…
Etiology Biliary dilatation can occur as a result of biliary obstruction, from an altered functional state (e.g., after cholecystectomy or with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction), or uncommonly as a result…
Surgical procedures performed on the bowel are innumerable, and their detailed discussion is beyond the scope of this chapter. To understand the related imaging, it is important to be familiar…
Etiology The precise cause of gallbladder carcinoma is unknown, but cholelithiasis and pancreaticobiliary malformations are major risk factors. Gallstones and reflux of pancreaticobiliary enzymes are thought to result in chronic…
Etiology Chronic pancreatitis is defined as an ongoing prolonged inflammatory disease characterized by progressive irreversible structural changes resulting in permanent loss of endocrine and exocrine function. The Cambridge classification of…
Etiology The term solid pancreatic masses, in its wide meaning, encompasses neoplastic lesions and non-neoplastic masses, ranging from anatomic variants, such as pancreatic head lobulations, to focal inflammatory processes and…
Etiology The exact pathogenesis of bile duct carcinoma has not been described, but predisposing factors are similar to those causing intrahepatic bile duct neoplasms. It is believed that long-standing inflammation…
Etiology The exact pathogenesis of bile duct carcinoma has not been described, but predisposing factors include long-standing inflammation, parasitic infestation, toxin and drug exposures, and genetic abnormalities. It is believed…
Etiology Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory disorder of the pancreas that has numerous causes ( Box 48-1 ). The most common risk factors are chronic alcohol consumption and choledocholithiasis….
