Radiopharmaceutical Targeted biologic process Uptake mechanism Physical half-life FDA-approved 15O-water Myocardial perfusion Freely diffusible 2 min No 13N-ammonia Myocardial perfusion Metabolic trapping 10 min Yes 82Rubidium Myocardial perfusion Na/K ATPase…
Fig. 15.1 Degree of coronary stenosis and subsequent cardiovascular events. In the coronary arteries, less obstructive plaques outnumber severely obstructive plaques. Vascular occlusions and cardiovascular events evolve most frequently from…
Fig. 13.1 Schematic overview of plaque development. Starting from the upper left panel (I) with a healthy vessel wall, in counterclockwise direction, each panel shows the major molecular and cellular…
Fig. 12.1 Cellular and architectural microscopic morphology of the normal aortic valve (Adapted from Rajamannan et al. [23]) 12.4.3 μOCT Imaging of Aortic Valves Investigation of heart valve calcification has…
where SUV is the standardised uptake value over t, t is the time of measurement, c is the radioactivity of the tissue within the region of interest, a is the…
Fig. 2.1 Images obtained by mechanical 3-D acquisition. The top panel represents 3-D imaging of a plaque phantom with corresponding x-, y-, and z-plane sample acquisitions at the plaque level….
Fig. 9.1 Structure and function of the aortic valve. (a) Pressure generated in the left ventricle during systolic contraction forces the aortic valve leaflets into the aorta, allowing blood to…
Fig. 1.1 Leukocyte adhesion cascade. Leukocytes are attracted by chemokines and recruited by activated endothelial cells. Leukocyte rolling is mediated by selectins, activation is mediated by chemokines, and arrest is…
Fig. 4.1 Stable and unstable human coronary artery atherosclerotic plaque histopathology. Example cross-sectional photomicrographs from human coronary artery autopsy specimens with mild to severe luminal stenosis demonstrating plaque rupture, prototypical…
Interventions Dose (mg) Active comparator Follow-upmonths ∆LDL-C(%) ∆HDL-C(%) Target vessels Referencenumber Simvastatin 5–20 Diet management 3 −29.5 +14.9 Aorta, carotid arteries [19] Atorvastatin 20 Atorvastatin 5 mg 6 −38.5 +13.5…
