Vascular Dilatation or Inflammation KEY FACTS Imaging • Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia Organizing thrombus with excessive reactive papillary endothelial proliferation Predilection for subcutaneous tissues of extremities, particularly upper limbs Focal vascular…
Groin Hernia KEY FACTS Terminology • Indirect inguinal hernia, direct inguinal hernia, femoral hernia • Hernia: Abnormal protrusion of organ or part of organ out of cavity in which it is normally…
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome KEY FACTS Terminology • Symptoms secondary to compression of median nerve in carpal tunnel area • Most common entrapment neuropathy Imaging • More swollen median nerve means more likely possibility…
Paraarticular Cystic Mass DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common • Ganglion Cyst • Baker Cyst • Parameniscal Cyst • Bursal Distension • Liquefied Hematoma • Abscess or Collection Less Common • Cystic-Looking Soft Tissue Tumors • Pseudoaneurysm ESSENTIAL INFORMATION Key Differential…
Synovial Swelling DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common • Osteoarthritis • Inflammatory Arthropathy • Tophi of Gout or Pseudogout Less Common • Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis • Focal Nodular Synovitis • Synovial Osteochondromatosis • Septic Arthritis • Lipoma Arborescens • Amyloid • Synovial Hemangioma…
Shoulder Ultrasound KEY FACTS GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS • Common specific indications are rotator cuff and long head of biceps as well as bursal, glenohumeral pathology and diagnostic/therapeutic US-guided intervention • Less common specific…
Ankle and Foot Procedures KEY FACTS Preprocedure • Indications Aspiration or injection of joint fluid Intraarticular injection of medication or contrast Paraarticular aspiration or injection – Cyst aspiration, peritendon, plantar fasciitis, Morton…
Lymph Node Abnormality KEY FACTS Imaging • US Accurate at differentiating between benign and malignant nodes More accurate than CT and MR provided that nodes are accessible to US assessment Can…
Abdominal Wall Mass DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common • Subcutaneous Lipoma • Incisional Hernia • Linea Alba Hernia • Groin Hernia Less Common • Spigelian Hernia • Lumbar Hernia • Paraumbilical Hernia • Umbilical Hernia • Endometrioma • Undescended Testis • Enlarged Lymph…
Hypoechoic Muscle Mass DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common • Hematoma • Muscle Tear • Nerve Sheath Tumor Less Common • Soft Tissue Sarcoma • Myxoma • Fibromatosis • Abscess • Metastases • Lymphangioma • Intramuscular Extension of Baker Cyst • Vascular Malformation • Local…
