Radiofrequency Ablation Systems and Operating Mechanisms
Fig. 3.1 Schematic set up of liver RF treatment with assumed current pathways Elevated temperature is able to impair the cells via several ways. The primary manner of cell death…
Radiological Assessment and Follow-Up After Radiofrequency Ablation
Fig. 9.1 (a) Contrast-enhanced ultrasound image obtained 1 month after percutaneous RFA shows complete non-enhancement of the ablation zone. The ablation zone is irregular because of the location in the…
Surgery vs. Radiofrequency Ablation for Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Fig. 11.1 Overall survival (OS) at 1, 3 and 5 years in RCTs (Reprint from Yingqiang Wang et al. [5]) Recurrence-Free Survival Again, the RCTs showed no significant difference in…
Percutaneous Radiofrequency Thermal Ablation
Fig. 5.1 RFA performed under the guidance of ultrasound (a) and CT (b) 5.2 Patient Evaluation The joint expertise of an interdisciplinary oncology team involving hepatology, radiation therapy, medical oncology,…
Combined Therapies of RFA
Fig. 8.1 sHCC treated by TACE+RFA The effect of chemotherapeutic anticancer agents on cancer cells enhances the effect of hyperthermia [4]. TACE, being a regional treatment, can target undetected satellite…
Peri-RFA Care and Management of Complications
Fig. 7.1 Grounding pad burns after RFA 7.3.3 Intraperitoneal Bleeding Bleeding complications are more likely to happen in patients with HCC due to their underlying liver diseases. The bleeding can…
Adjuvant Therapy After Radiofrequency Ablation
Fig. 10.1 Diagram of potential mechanisms of direct effect of IFN to antitumor growth In a retrospective study, Someya et al. [15] investigated the role of IFN in HCC patients…
Initial Clinical Assessment and Patient Selection
© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2016Minshan Chen, Yaojun Zhang and Wan Y. Lau (eds.)Radiofrequency Ablation for Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma10.1007/978-94-017-7258-7_4 4. Initial Clinical Assessment and Patient Selection Stephanie H. Y. Lau1, Wan Yee Lau2 and Eric C. H. Lai3 (1) Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth…
Pathobiologic Characteristics of Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Edition Publication year Effective year T-stage 1 1977 1978 None 2 1983 1984 T1 Small solitary tumor (<3 cm) confined to one lobe T2 Large tumor (>3 cm) confined to…
Diagnosis of Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Fig. 1.1 AASLD diagnostic algorithm. Reprint from Bruix J, Sherman M; American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma: an update. Hepatology. 2011 Mar;53(3):1020–2 1.4 Pathological…
