Fig. 12.1 (a) ICG-Fluorescence imaging visualized the extrahepatic bile ducts in the hepatoduodenal ligament. (b) After ligation and division of the right hepatic artery and the right portal vein, ICG-fluorescence…
Fig. 17.1 Intraoperative ICG fluorescence liver imaging technique shows bright signals in the primary HCC nodule (arrowheads). White broken lines show the planned resection line of liver. (a) A photograph…
Fig. 5.1 Flowchart of the study procedures regarding the clinical experiments described in this chapter. With permission from: Schols RM, Bouvy ND, van Dam RM, Masclee AA, Dejong CH, Stassen…
Fig. 3.1 Current methodology contains multiple possibilities of failure to accurately assess margin status. Pre-resection: The initial incision is based upon the surgeons’ best assessment of the tumor margins, however…
Fig. 9.1 Fluoroscopic view of the clip applier on the cystic duct. The clip applier is visible thanks to the intense reflected light from the liver Intraoperative Cholangiogram (IOC) The…
Fig. 7.1 PDE® system and its application to liver resection. (a) Camera and control units of PDE®. (b) Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (arrow) is visualized on the liver surface by PDE®….
Fig. 14.1 Evaluation of the portal uptake function in veno-occlusive regions by intraoperative ICG-fluorescence imaging. (a) Fluorescence imaging following intravenous injection of ICG reveals the demarcation among possible veno-occlusive regions…
Fig. 4.1 The annual number of ICG publications according to PubMed (27.3.2014; “indocyanine green”) Here ICG fluorescence imaging is reviewed in the areas of plastic and reconstructive surgery, neurosurgery, cardiac,…
Fig. 2.1 Diagram representing fluorescence. The red arrow represents the absorption of light. The blue arrow represents vibrational relaxation from singlet excited state, S2 to S1. This process is a…
