Fig. 9.1 Structure and function of the aortic valve. (a) Pressure generated in the left ventricle during systolic contraction forces the aortic valve leaflets into the aorta, allowing blood to…
Fig. 4.1 Stable and unstable human coronary artery atherosclerotic plaque histopathology. Example cross-sectional photomicrographs from human coronary artery autopsy specimens with mild to severe luminal stenosis demonstrating plaque rupture, prototypical…
Interventions Dose (mg) Active comparator Follow-upmonths ∆LDL-C(%) ∆HDL-C(%) Target vessels Referencenumber Simvastatin 5–20 Diet management 3 −29.5 +14.9 Aorta, carotid arteries [19] Atorvastatin 20 Atorvastatin 5 mg 6 −38.5 +13.5…
Fig. 11.1 Normal trileaflet aortic valve in parasternal long-axis view (a) and parasternal short-axis view (b). Severe calcific aortic valve disease is shown at the bottom panels (c, d) from…
Fig. 8.1 Types of fluorescent imaging agents 8.3.2 Fluorescent Protein Information about various biological processes and functions (e.g., specific cell types, enzymatic reactions, molecule distribution) can be directly obtained…
Fig. 6.1 Representations of well-characterized oxidation-specific epitopes and antibodies. Oxidation-specific antibodies recognize protein and lipid epitopes on oxidized LDL (OxLDL). These epitopes include malondialdehyde (MDA), phosphocholine-containing oxidized phospholipids (PC-OxPL), and…
Method Advantages Disadvantages Epifluorescence Fast Poor axial and lateral resolution Lower photobleaching than confocal Limited to thin tissues Limited control of excitation wavelength Spinning disk confocal (SDCM) Fast Low excitation…
Fig. 5.1 Molecular imaging of endothelial VCAM-1 expression. A VCAM-1-targeted NIRF probe shows co-localization with VCAM-1 staining by immunohistochemistry in mouse aorta. This signal is also associated with CD31 expression,…
Fig. 3.1 Macrophage imaging in hyperlipidemic rabbits 6 months after balloon injury of the aorta. (a) MR images taken 72 h after intravenous administration of the USPIO MION-47. MION-47 administration…
Chapter 16 Evaluation of Intracardiac Masses Elisa Zaragosa-Macias, Edward A. Gill Introduction Perhaps no finding on echocardiography creates a bigger diagnostic challenge than the presence of an intracardiac mass. This…
