Sonography plays an important role in the evaluation of patients who have thyroid carcinoma by identifying metastatic disease to the regional cervical lymph nodes. The sonographic appearance of lymph node…
The thyroid produces thyroid hormones that regulate metabolism and are essential to proper development and differentiation of the cells in the body. Iodine is an essential element in thyroid hormone…
While well-differentiated thyroid cancer is generally thought to be a treatable cancer with excellent outcomes, some patients suffer from recurrent disease. Risk factors for recurrent disease include primary disease greater…
This article discusses the broad topic of thyroid cancer, with a focus on giving the reader an understanding of the basis for surgical decision making. The reader will gain an…
Directed imaging is useful in assessing the thyroid gland. Nuclear scintigraphy reveals functional information about the thyroid gland, while cross-sectional imaging, including ultrasound, CT, and MR imaging provide important adjunctive…
A comprehensive knowledge of the natural course and prognosis of multiple sclerosis is of utmost importance for a physician to make it affordable in simple descriptive terms to a patient…
The classic multiple sclerosis variants including Devic’s neuromyelitis optica (NMO), Balo’s concentric Sclerosis, Schilder’s disease, and Marburg MS are both interesting and instructive from a disease pathophysiology perspective. Although rare,…
MR imaging is an integral part of multiple sclerosis (MS) clinical trials. It provides the primary efficacy outcome of preliminary proof-of-concept studies and important corroborating data as secondary and exploratory…
This article provides an overview of relaxation times and their application to normal brain and brain and cord affected by multiple sclerosis. The goal is to provide readers with an…
A comprehensive knowledge of the natural course and prognosis of multiple sclerosis is of utmost importance for a physician to make it affordable in simple descriptive terms to a patient…
