Fig. 1 Embryology of the vertebral arteries. The vertebral arteries develop from longitudinal plexiform anastomoses of the first six cervical intersegmental arteries. The seventh cervical intersegmental arteries develop into the…
1. Coma (excluding spinal cord-mediated reflexes) 2. Absence of brain stem reflexes (a) Pupils mid-position or greater and absent pupillary light reflex (fixed dilated pupils) (b) Corneal (c) Gag/pharyngeal (d)…
Fig. 1 Conventional digital subtraction angiography of the left internal carotid arteries of a pediatric moyamoya disease patient. Anterior-posterior view (a–c) and lateral view (d–f) show steno-occlusive change of the…
Fig. 1 A 38-year-old woman with SCD, presenting with altered mental status. (a) Axial FLAIR image shows multiple high signal intensity lesions of the bilateral periventricular white matter (arrows). (b,…
Fig. 1 Aneurysm clip. The CT image shows the spring (arrow) and blade (arrowhead) components of a titanium aneurysm clip The advent of dual-energy CT (DECT) imaging in conjunction with…
Type of infarct Clinical description Lacunar Acute stroke that includes one of the major recognized lacunar syndromes: (1) pure motor, (2) pure sensory, (3) sensorimotor, (4) ataxic hemiparesis, (5) dysarthria…
Fig. 1 “Ivy sign” within the leptomeninges on T2 FLAIR (thin arrows) and white matter changes related to silent ischemia often seen in watershed areas (thick arrows) Fig. 2 An…
Vascular malformations Vascular tumors Low-flow malformations Benign Lymphatic malformations Infantile hemangioma Venous malformations Congenital hemangioma Capillary malformations Tufted angiomas Spindle-cell hemangioma Epithelioid hemangioma Pyogenic granuloma High-flow malformations Locally aggressive/borderline Arteriovenous…
Fig. 1 Fedor Serbinenko, the Russian neurosurgeon that conceived the idea of detachable balloons (a) and developed the technique of their use. Historical picture of latex detachable balloons (b). The…
Fig. 1 Age distribution of cases with childhood arterial ischemic stroke (n = 96) (From Mallick et al. [1] with permission) Studies that included neonates have reported higher incidence rates…
