Etiology Chronic pancreatitis is defined as an ongoing prolonged inflammatory disease characterized by progressive irreversible structural changes resulting in permanent loss of endocrine and exocrine function. The Cambridge classification of…
Etiology The term solid pancreatic masses, in its wide meaning, encompasses neoplastic lesions and non-neoplastic masses, ranging from anatomic variants, such as pancreatic head lobulations, to focal inflammatory processes and…
Etiology The exact pathogenesis of bile duct carcinoma has not been described, but predisposing factors are similar to those causing intrahepatic bile duct neoplasms. It is believed that long-standing inflammation…
Etiology The exact pathogenesis of bile duct carcinoma has not been described, but predisposing factors include long-standing inflammation, parasitic infestation, toxin and drug exposures, and genetic abnormalities. It is believed…
Etiology Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory disorder of the pancreas that has numerous causes ( Box 48-1 ). The most common risk factors are chronic alcohol consumption and choledocholithiasis….
Etiology Cystic lesions of the pancreas encompass a wide spectrum of different pathologic entities, ranging from developmental, to inflammatory, to neoplastic cysts. Neoplastic cystic lesions, which are the most important,…
Cirrhosis Etiology Virtually any chronic insult to the liver, if sufficiently severe and long-standing, may result in cirrhosis. In the United States, the most common causes are hepatitis C virus…
Etiology Acute mesenteric ischemia of the small bowel has four major causes: (1) arterial embolism, (2) arterial thrombosis, (3) nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia, and (4) mesenteric venous thrombosis ( Table 26-1…
Small bowel neoplasms remain a diagnostic challenge for radiologists and clinicians. The small bowel represents 75% of the total length of the gastrointestinal tract and more than 90% of the…
Normal intestinal wall thickness depends on the degree of bowel distention and the imaging modality. The normal jejunum wall thickness measures approximately 2 mm and the ileum 1 mm on enteroclysis. On…
