Fig. 13.1 Characteristic of dose distributions in the depth direction in proton therapy and common X-ray therapy Fig. 13.2 Proton therapy system in National Cancer Center Hospital East Japan Proton…

(12.1) where r is the three-dimensional (3D) position vector, D is the dose, T is the total energy released per unit mass (TERMA), and K is the dose deposition kernel…

Fig. 6.1 Conceptual scheme of similar-case-based radiotherapy treatment planning 6.5 Similar-Case-Based Beam Angle Optimization The accuracy and efficiency of beam arrangement determinations could potentially be improved by combining similar-case-based treatment…

Fig. 2.1 Flowchart for a generic CADe scheme for detection of lesions in medical images 2.2.2 Enhancement of Lesions in CADe Among the steps in CADe schemes, thresholding-based methods such…

Fig. 14.1 (a) A pretreatment PET scan of a head and neck cancer case of patient who died from disease after radiotherapy treatment. The head and neck tumor region of…

Fig. 3.1 Schematics of the method for detecting ROIs with clustered microcalcifications in mammograms 3.3.3.2 Filter Bank for Detecting NC and NLC 1. Hessian matrix classifying nodular and linear structures…

Stage Modality Delivery technique Dose calculation Early Ortovolt – X ray Conventional Experiment based Intermediate Co – 60, low-energy Linac 2D and 3D conformal Pencil beam Advanced High-energy Linac IMRT…

Fig. 11.1 The Hokkaido fluoroscopic real-time tumor tracking system with motion-gated linear accelerator and X-ray tubes (Shirato et al. 2000a, b) Among the four X-ray fluoroscopy systems, two sets are…

Fig. 4.1 Examples of images of histological stained tissues. (a) HE, (b) Masson’s trichrome (special stain), and (c) IHC 4.2 Digital Imaging Technology in Diagnostic Pathology 4.2.1 Evolution of WSI…