Pulmonary Lymphoid Hyperplasia (Follicular Bronchiolitis) Etiology, Prevalence, and Epidemiology Pulmonary lymphoid hyperplasia, also known as follicular bronchiolitis or hyperplasia of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue, is a benign condition characterized histologically by…
Etiology, Prevalence, and Epidemiology Pulmonary metastases are common—present at autopsy in 20% to 54% of patients with extrapulmonary malignancy. The most common primary sites associated with pulmonary metastases in biopsy…
Etiology, Prevalence, and Epidemiology Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a neoplasm of B lymphocytes characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells. HL accounts for 10% of all cases of lymphoma and…
Acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP) is a severe acute disease of unknown etiology that usually occurs in a previously healthy individual and produces histologic findings of diffuse alveolar damage. The clinical,…
Etiology Fungal infections of the chest can be divided into two groups based on pathogenesis. The first group is composed of endemic fungi, including Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidioides immitis, Blastomyces dermatitidis,…
Etiology Since the recognition of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection as the cause of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the 1980s, many changes have occurred in the demographics, complications,…
Etiology Lung cancer arises when cells lining the bronchi or peripheral airways undergo neoplastic change in response to an inciting agent or agents. The most common and well-recognized cause of…
Schemes for Staging The most widely used scheme for staging non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the TNM classification. A variety of alterations in this scheme have been made to…
Overview Etiology, Prevalence, and Epidemiology Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic recurrent contagious infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. M. tuberculosis is an aerobic, nonmotile, non–spore-forming rod that is highly resistant to…
