Endocrine disease (hyperparathyroidism, Cushing’s disease, hyperthyroidism, hypogonadism) Chronic renal failure (secondary hyperparathyroidism, osteomalacia, adynamic bone disease) Gastrointestinal disease (malabsorption syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, post-gastric bypass) Rheumatologic disease (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic…

Fig. 9.1 A 50-year-old male with CRF on long-term hemodialysis with right ankle swelling secondary to amyloid arthropathy. (a) AP, (b) mortise view, and (c) lateral radiographs demonstrate well-defined erosions…

Clinical criteria Immunologic criteria 1. Acute cutaneous lupus 1. ANA 2. Chronic cutaneous lupus 2. Double-stranded DNA 3. Oral or nasal ulcers 3. Anti-SM 4. Non-scarring alopecia 4. Antiphospholipid antibody…

Fig. 10.1 Development and progression of osteoarthritis The subchondral region bone plate is located deep to the articular surface, separated only by a thin layer of calcified articular cartilage (Fig….

0–9 years 10–19 years 20–29 years 30+ years Ewing sarcoma Osteosarcoma Osteosarcoma Myeloma Osteosarcoma Ewing sarcoma Chondrosarcoma Chondrosarcoma Primary lymphoma Primary lymphoma Ewing sarcoma Osteosarcoma  Primary lymphoma Primary lymphoma    MFH/fibrosarcoma…

Age >80 years Diabetes mellitus Rheumatoid arthritis Prosthetic joint Recent joint intervention, including surgery and intra-articular steroid injection Soft tissue infection IV drug use Alcoholism Table 13.2 Bacteria causing nongonococcal…

Asymptomatic hyperuricemia Acute arthritis Intercritical phase Chronic tophaceous gout The patient may then enter the intercritical phase, an asymptomatic phase between attacks of gout. The length of this phase is…

Fig. 16.1 (a) Periarticular soft-tissue calcification in a 16-year-old female with scleroderma. (b) Sheetlike soft-tissue calcification in a different patient with scleroderma Systemic lupus erythematosus patients may develop periarticular or…

Fig. 14.1 AP foot radiograph in a 67-year-old female diabetic with long-standing foot problems. There is a homolateral Lisfranc fracture dislocation (arrows, the first to fifth metatarsals are dislocated laterally…

Trauma  Femoral neck fracture  Hip dislocation Atraumatic  Alcoholism  Corticosteroids  SLE  Caisson disease  Coagulopathies  Sickle cell disease  Cushing disease  Gaucher disease  Pancreatitis  Chronic renal failure  Pregnancy  Smoking  Oral contraceptives  Hemoglobinopathies Clinical…