Neuronal and Mixed Glioneuronal Tumors Overview Age range (median age in years) Female: male ratio Cell of origin WHO Grade Molecular/genetic markers Prognosis Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor 0-20 1:1.5 Glioneuronal cells…
Genetic Tumor Syndromes Overview Inheritance Mutation Common tumors Other features Neurofibromatosis type 1 Autosomal dominant NF1 gene on chromosome 17 Neurofibromas Optic gliomas Pheochromocytomas Lisch nodules Neurofibromatosis type 2 Autosomal…
Central Nervous System Tumor Mimics Overview Nonneoplastic intracranial mass lesions that mimic brain tumors can be difficult to differentiate from true brain tumors based on clinical, laboratory, or imaging findings….
Metastatic Tumors to the Central Nervous System Overview The incidence of metastatic tumors to the central nervous system (CNS) is rising in part due to advances in therapy that result…
Embryonal Tumors Overview Embryonal tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are poorly differentiated, mitotically active, histologically and clinically aggressive, and highly cellular neoplasms and constitute the most common group…
Diffuse Astrocytic and Oligodendroglial Tumors Overview Diffuse astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors are diffuse gliomas comprising astrocytomas; oligodendrogliomas are the most common primary parenchymal neoplasms of the brain. The World Health…
Circumscribed Astrocytic Tumors Overview Circumscribed astrocytic tumors of the central nervous system are characterized by well-delineated margin on pathology and imaging and usually lack infiltrative changes in the neighboring brain….
Other Gliomas Overview There are three rare gliomas—chordoid glioma, angiocentric glioma, and astroblastoma—that do not fall into a specific glioma category or classification. Each has unique molecular and genetic profiles,…
Ependymal Tumors Overview Ependymal tumors of the CNS arise from the ependymal cells that line the ventricles of the brain or the central canal of the spinal cord and can…
Choroid Plexus Tumors Overview Two types of choroid plexus tumors are presented—choroid plexus papilloma and choroid plexus carcinoma—both of which are strongly associated with familial cancer syndromes and primarily affect…
