Radiology Key

KEY FACTS Imaging • Multiple causes; can be isolated or syndromic • Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease is single gene disorder ○ Large, diffusely hyperechoic kidneys most common ○ May…

KEY FACTS Terminology • Succenturiate lobe (SL): 1 or more accessory placental lobes connected by submembranous fetal vessels Imaging • 2 or more separate placentas ○ Color Doppler shows connecting…

KEY FACTS Terminology • Placenta detachment ○ Most often partial and can see hematoma • Categorized by location of abruption Imaging • Marginal abruption (most common) ○ Hemorrhage from edge…

KEY FACTS Terminology • Clubfoot (talipes equinovarus) ○ Foot is turned in at ankle (varus) ○ Foot is pointed (equina) • Rocker-bottom foot (congenital vertical talus) ○ Back of foot…

KEY FACTS Terminology • Fetal fusion of variable degree • Nomenclature ○ Site of fusion + suffix “pagus” – Omphalopagus : Abdomen fused from xiphoid to umbilicus, heart not involved…

KEY FACTS Imaging • Polydactyly ○ 1 or more extra digits or parts of digits ○ May be preaxial (thumb side) or postaxial (pinky side) ○ Nonsyndromal: May be isolated…

KEY FACTS Terminology • Synonym: Partial mole • Definition: 69 chromosomes (instead of 46) ○ Most common is diandric triploidy (extra set is paternal) ○ Digynic triploidy if extra set…

IMAGING ANATOMY Vertebral Bodies • Ossified vertebral body appears echogenic ○ Cartilaginous tip at spinous process appears hypoechoic • Cervical : Upper 7 vertebrae ○ C1 (atlas): No body, spinous…

KEY FACTS Terminology • 3 or more embryos/fetuses with any combination of ○ Separate or shared chorionic sacs ○ Separate or shared amniotic sacs Imaging • Establishment of chorionicity is…

KEY FACTS Terminology • Abnormal accumulation of fluid in 2 sites (pleural, pericardial, ascites, skin) Imaging • Pleural effusion surrounds lung, which floats toward hilum: Angel wing sign • Large…